图像特征的各向异扩散去噪方法.doc

基于图像特征的各向异性扩散去噪方法 摘 要:对图像去噪滤波方法,j.weickert模型未考虑图像光滑区域与其他图像特征的区别,在光滑区域的扩散也按照局部结构特征值进行,因而在光滑区域不可避免地产生虚假边缘，为此，提出一种改进的各向异性扩散方法。该方法首先用维纳滤波减弱噪声对图像的影响,再利用相干性正确判断边缘区域、光滑区域和t形拐角等图像特征,并依据图像特征设置相应区域扩散张量的特征值。实验结果表明,改进方法在消除噪声和保护边缘方面能取得较好的效果,并有效消除光滑区域的虚假边缘,可得到较高的峰值信噪比。 关键词:图像特征;各向异性扩散;相干性;扩散张量;特征值  anisotropic diffusion denoising method based on image feature  ke dandan, cai guangcheng*, cao qianqian ( faculty of science, kunming university of science and technology, kunming yunnan 650500, china ) abstract: as for the image denoising filter method, the model proposed by j. weickert does not consider the distinctions between the smooth area and other image features. the diffusion in smooth area is also in accordance with the eigenvalues of local structure characteristics, thus inevitably producing false edges in smooth area. an improved anisotropic diffusion method was proposed. this method firstly used the wiener filter to weaken the influence of noise on the image, then coherence was applied to judge image feature correctly, as edge region, smooth area, tshape corner and so on, and the diffusion tensors eigenvalues in corresponding region were set based on image feature. the experimental results show that the improved method can not only achieve better results in elimination of noise and protection of edge, but also remove false edge in smooth area effectively and get higher peak signaltonoise ratio. key words: image feature; anisotropic diffusion; coherence; diffusion tensor; eigenvalue  0 引言 成像过程中由于受内外因素的干扰,图像总不可避免地存在噪声,这些噪声在很大程度上影响了图像细节的真实情况,降低了图像质量。因此,如何有效去除噪声,保护图像细节特征,提高图像质量,一直是人们广泛研究的问题。 近年来,偏微分方程(partial differential equation,pde)方法应用于图像去噪的高质量处理结果引起了人们的广泛关注[1-14]。应用偏微分方程方法去噪主要有3个发展方向: 第一,由线性扩散模型到非线性扩散模型的转变,非线性扩散模型以pm模型[1]为代表;第二,由简单的一类方程到复杂的多类方程转变,如lysajer等[2]提出的高阶方程,gilboa等[3-4]提出的逆扩散方程以及实扩散与复扩散的综合等;第三,由偏微分方程的一步实现向多步实现转变,如j. weickert[5-7]的各向异性扩散方程先用线性方程对边缘进行定向,再用非线性方程实现沿边缘的定向扩散,实现了线性方程与非线性方程的结合[8]。 目前,偏微分方程去噪研究的重点仍放在多类方程的综合和偏微分方程的多