昌化鸡血石的宝学研究 word 重新排版.docVIP

昌化鸡血石的宝石学研究 (1.中国地质大学珠宝学院,湖北武汉430074; 2.浙江省黄金珠宝饰品质量检验中心,浙江杭州310013) 摘　要:利用X射线粉末衍射仪、拉曼光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜、电子探针及岩石薄片对昌化鸡血石样品中“地”与“血”的矿物组成、形貌特征、化学成分等进行了研究。结果表明,昌化鸡血石“硬地”“软地”与“冻地”的矿物组合不同;其中,“地”以地开石为主且呈鳞片状,随着石英的增加,特别是明矾石的加入,“地”的硬度变大。“冻地”鸡血石中地开石的结晶粒度比“硬地”鸡血石中的大,但其空间定向性排列没有后者的好。昌化鸡血石中“血”由细小的半自形—他形辰砂微晶集合体组成,其“血”色与辰砂晶体的聚集状态及其杂质成分有关,而杂质成分又与Se元素的质量分数密切相关。 关键词:昌化鸡血石;“地”;“血”;辰砂 中图分类号:TS93; P619.28　　　文献标识码:A　　　文章编号:1008-214X(2009)02- 0007-04 Gemmological Study on Chicken-Blood Stone from Changhua CHEN Tao1, YAN Xue-jun2, LU Wei1, SONG Yu-xi1, DUAN Jie-ping1 (1. Gemmological Institute, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan430074, China; 2. Zhejiang Gold Gem Quality Testing Center, Hangzhou310013, China Abstract: The mineral components,morphological characteristics and chemical compositionsof the“Di”and“Blood”of the chicken-blood stone samples from Changhua are studied bymeans of XRD, LRM, SEM and EPMA with rock slick. The results show that the mineralcombinations are quite different among the“Ying Di”“Ruan Di”and“Dong Di”of the chick-en-blood stone samples. The“Di”is mainly composed of dickite being squama-like. Asquartz increases, especially alunite, the rigidity of the“Di”becomes harder. The crystagranularity of the dickite in“Dong Di”is larger than that in“Ying Di”of the chicken-bloodstone samples, and the space direction of dickite in“Dong Di”is not good as that in“YingDi”samples. The“Blood”in the chicken-blood stone sample is composed of fine hypidiomor-phic—altotriomorphic cinnabar minicrystal aggregation,where the colour is related with theassemble state of cinnabar crystal and its impurity composition which has correlation with the con-tent of Se. Key words:chicken-blood stone from Changhua;“Di”;“Blood”; cinnabar 闻名中外的昌化鸡血石由于其瑰丽的色彩在图章石中被誉为“印石皇后”。根据现有的文字记载,昌化鸡血石的开发历史始于元代,兴于明清,距今有600多年的历史。目前对昌化鸡血石的研究大致可归为四个方面:一是研究昌化鸡血“地”的矿物组成[1~3];二是研究影响鸡血石“血”色的因素[4,5],三是研究昌化鸡血石的质量评价[6],四是研究与鉴别优化处理昌化鸡血石及其仿制品[7,8]。本文较系统地研究了昌化鸡血石的宝石学特征,如矿物组成、形貌特征、化学成分等。 1　样品