2011届中考语专题复习九：定语从句的考点讲解和训练.docVIP

定语从句的考点讲解 一. 定语从句的功用和结构 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。例如： This is the present that he gave me for my birthday.Do you know everybody who came to the party? I still remember the night when I first came to the village? This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived. 二. 引导词 先行词 充当从句的... 人 Who (+ v.) 主 ，宾 人 Whom （+ 主 + v...) 宾 物 which 主 ，宾 人/ 物 that 主 ，宾 人/ 物 Whose (= of whom / of which) 定 时间词 When (=in / on which ) 状 地点词 Where (=in / at which ) 状 reason Why ( = for which ) 状 三. 各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法 1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。例如： The person who broke the window must pay for it. The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。例如： Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate？ Mr Lee (whom) you want to see has come. 3. whose 指人，在定语从句中作定。语例如： The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today. 4. which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。例如： A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words. Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday. 5. that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。例如： I’ve read the newspaper that(which) carries the important news. Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there? 6. when 指时间，在定语从句中作状语。例如： I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm. He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left. 7. where 指地点，在定语从句中作状语。例如： This is the house where we lived last year. The factory where his father works is in the east of the city. (1) 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语I know the boy whose father is a professor. Eg: I like the music ( that /which ) I can dance to. 若前面已有疑问词 who或 which 时，通常用 that ,而不用who ，which 。 Eg: Who was the girl that come here last night. 关系代词√ ) This is the house in that he lives ( × ) This is the house that / which he lives in. ( √ ) 五. 具体使用时还要注意下列问题： 1. 只能使用that,不用which 的情况： (1) 先行词是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代词时。例如：