应用地理资讯系统分析台东地区潜在崩塌地特性之研究.doc

應用地理資訊系統分析台東地區潛在崩塌地特性之研究Chen,Yu-Chin 指導教授：陳慶雄 Chen,Ching-Hsiung 【摘要 台灣山地不僅地勢陡峭加以地質條件特殊，隨著地震、颱風豪雨不斷或伴隨著人為開發破壞所引發的崩塌，屢屢造成重大之災害。為了要減少災害的發生達成國土保安及資源永續利用之目標，本研究分析台東地區潛在崩塌地的特性利用不安定指數法計算各影響因子之權重，並結合地理資訊系統，製作台東地區主要集水區崩塌地潛感圖。研究之結論分述如：研究，包含坡度、坡向、高程、地質、土壤、水系及道路，其中坡度、高程及土壤崩塌最高，其次為地質、道路、坡向及水系。二利用不安定指數法，可比較不同崩塌影響因子其分級的差異顯著性，並能有效量化各因子之權重，進而求得崩塌地之潛感值。分析結果顯示，不安定指數法預測崩塌準確率良好，實際崩塌地落於中高及高潛感區者達73.31%。三本研究所劃分的潛感評估，其在中高及高潛感區以卑南溪佔有20305.92ha最高，其次為新武呂溪19427.5ha，而在高潛感區崩塌機率則以馬武溪70.35%最高，其次為新武呂溪66.03%若單由災害觀點，建議可參考此評估結果進行集水區之治理。四本研究所建立之崩塌地潛感圖，可提供集水區經營者，作為崩塌地監測之參考。需適時評估崩塌地潛圖之有效度，儘量利用最新之資訊予以分析評估，如遇有外力干擾（如地震颱風等），改變原有邊坡之穩定性，則必須立即重新進行評估監測，以提供正確之評估資訊，減少崩塌災害的發生。 關鍵字不安定指數法、崩塌潛感圖、地理資訊系統Taiwan has a specific natural environment that characterized by steep topography, fragile geological conditions, short and rapid rivers, earthquakes, typhoons, and heavy rain. In addition, human development on slopeland has been imposing an increasing burden on the environment. The main regions of the disaster come from slopland landslide in Taiwan. For this reason, this study takes a view point and approach to assign Taitung area as a sample site, analyze the characteristic and distribution of landslide. The method of this study is using the dangerous value method to calculate the weight of potential instability factors for landslide and combine GIS technique to build the potential landslide map of Taitung. The findings of this study are stated as follows: This study analyzes factors including slope, aspect, elevation, geology, soil, distance to roads, distance to streams. Slope, elevation, and soil are main factors controlling the landslide potential. Geology, the distance to roads, aspect and the distance to streams are secondary factors controlling the landslide potential. For this research, using dangerous value method can compare differ landslide potential factor and quantified the weight of each factor effectively, and estimating the potential value between factors with landslide. The research results reveal the d