2011届高考英语第一轮总复习经典实用学案 语法专题2【精品】.ppt

语法专题二　冠词 冠词的考查重点在其基本用法上，如常用短语中冠词的用法；可数和不可数名词前的冠词使用；抽象名词用作具体人或事件时冠词的使用；泛指与特指的区别；类指与专指的区别；在掌握冠词的基本用法的同时，还应考虑结合具体的语言环境等问题。 (一)不定冠词的用法 1．用于物质名词前，表示泛指某一种人或事。 如：A steel worker makes steel. 2．指某种人或事中的一个。 如：My father is a teacher. 3．表示“每一”的概念。 如：John goes shopping twice a week.(one, every) A week is divided into seven days. 4．指某一个人或物，但不具体说是什么人或物。 如：A Mr. Johnson phoned and left a message for you.(a certain) 5．固定词组中。 如：at a time once upon a time a few a little a good many a great many of... 6．“一种、一场”等单数概念。 如：A heavy rain prevented them from going out. What a good supper! Please give me a black coffee. 7．与抽象名词连用。 It’s a pleasure to work with you. It’s a pity that you can’t swim. Thank you, Tim. You have done me a kindness. 8．在quite, rather, many, half, what, such等词之后。 9．在so(as, too, how)＋形容词之后。 (二)定冠词的用法 1．表示特定的或上文已提到过的人或事。 如：(1)John bought a TV and a radio, but there was something wrong with the TV. (2)Could you pass me the dictionary? (3)Do you know the girl playing basketball there? 2．独一无二的东西前。 如：the moon, the earth, the sun... 3．序数词，最高级前。 如：the second story, the largest room... 4．专有名词前。 如：the Untied Nations, the People’s Republic of China... 5．江河湖海前。 如：the Changjiang River, the Atlantic... 6．固定词组中。 如：on the left, in the east, in the morning, on the other hand... 7．某些形容词前，表示一类人或物。 如：the poor, the rich... 8．姓氏的复数形式前。 如：The Turners, The Wangs... 9．特指。 如：The horse is a useful animal. 10．器乐前。 如：play the piano... 11．年代前。 如：in the 1980’s... 12．发明物的单数名词前。 如：The compass was invented in China four thousand years ago. Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876. 13．表一类人。 如：the Irish, the English, the French... 14．特殊的场合。 如：lead sb. by the hand, beat sb. on the nose... The sooner, the better. by the yard/hour/year... the elder of the two, the more beautiful of the two... 15．当抽象名词表示某一特定内容，特别是当它有一限定性修饰时。 如：He is playing the music written by Beethoven. (三)不用冠词的情况 1．专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词前。 如：China/Wood is a very useful material./Life is short. 2．名词前有指示代词、物主代词、名词所有格修饰。 如：This book is m