第3章被动语态.doc

第3章 被動語態 １．簡單式之被動語態說明：Ａ現在式被動：S+am/is/are+p.p. Ｂ過去式被動：S+was/were+p.p. Ｃ未來式被動：S+will be+p.p. The meeting will be hold next week. Exercise: Mr. Kao 總要使我們說英語 主動/被動２．進行式之被動語態 說明：Ａ現在進行式被動：S+am/is/are+being+p.p. Ｂ過去進行式被動：S+was/were+being+p.p. 例句：A baseball game was being started at 7 o’clock last night. 被動３．完成式之被動語態 說明：Ａ現在完成式被動：S+has/have been+p.p. Ｂ過去完成式被動：S+had been+p.p. Ｃ未來完成式被動：S+will have been+p.p. 例句：Have you ever been btten by a dog? ４．助動詞之被動語態 說明：Ａ必須被..must be +p.p. Ｂ應該做…should/ought to +be+p.p. Ｃ能被…can be +p.p. 例句：Must this letter is written in English? ５．不定詞與動名詞之被動表達法 說明：Ａ不定詞之被動寫法：to be +p.p. Ｂ動名詞之被動寫法：being+p.p. 例句：The room is going to be painted. ６．感官動詞與使役動詞之被動表達法 說明：Ａ　S+ be seen/made to+V Ｂ　S+have+物+p.p. Ｃ S+let+物+be+p.p. 例句：I saw her run into the room. She was seen to run into the room. 被動７．動詞片語改為被動式 說明：動詞片語改為被動式時，其後之介詞要保留下來 例句：People listened to the important game. The important game be listened to by people . ８．被動語態的介系詞可用別的介系詞代替by 說明：在被動語態中，最常用的介詞是“by”，但也可以用其他介詞，如：am, in, of, with.. 例句：We are interested in English. The news surprises you. You are surprised at the news. The movie bores me. The movie bored me. I am bored with the movie. Exercise: The game excises us. 1 2 ９．客觀的說法 說明：主詞不明確或表客觀的說法時，常以被動式表示．有些動詞（片語）不能用被動式 說明：下列動詞或片語不能用被動式： Ａ　take place/happen/occur 發生 Ｂ belong to 屬於 ,break out 發生 Ｃ連綴動詞：look,feel,taste,smell,remain.. 例句：An accident happened here a week ago. yes An accident was happened here a week ago. no writing letters. She was taking some photos at four. I bought some comic books yesterday. I will make a kite tomorrow. Tom has mopped the floors. Answers Mr. Kao always makes asks us to speak English. We are always made asked to speak English. He is waiting for Jessica. Jessica is being waited for by him. The medicine should be taken by him after dinner. The game is exciting to us. We are excited about the game. We heard Mary sing. We heard Mary singing. / Mary was heard to sing by us. Mary was heard singing by us