DirectandIndirectSpeech.pptVIP

Direct and Indirect Speech 1.(1)John said,”I like reading novels.” (2)John said that he liked reading novels. 直接引语:直接引述别人的话. 间接引语:用自己的话转述别人的话. 它构成宾语从句. 2.陈述句(statements): (1)He said,”I like it very much.” (2)Tom said to me,”I broke your CD player.” 直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时,用连词that引导(that在口语中可省略),从句中的人称,时态,指示代词,时间状语,地点状语等要做相应变化. 1)人称的变化: (1)He said,”I like it very much.” He said that he liked it very much. (2)Tom said to me,”I broke your CD player.” 2)时态的变化: 主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,直接引语变为间接引语时,从句的谓语动词在时态上要做相应的变化.如主句的谓语动词是现在时,从句的时态无须变化. (1)一般现在时 一般过去时: He said,”I am afraid I cannot finish the work.” (2)现在进行时 过去进行时 He said,” I’m using the knife.” (3)现在完成时 过去完成时 She said,”I’ve not heard from him since May.” (4)一般过去时 过去完成时 He said ,”I came to help you.” (5)过去完成时不变 He said,”I had finished my homework before supper.”、 (6)一般将来时 过去将来时 She said,” I’ll do it after class.” 3)指示代词,时间状语,地点状语和动词的变化. (1) She said, “ I’ll finish the work this morning.” (2)He said, “These books are mine.” (3)He said, “It’s nine now.” (4)He said,’I haven’t seen her today.” (5)She said,”I went there yesterday.” (6)She said,” I ‘ll go there tomorrow.” 将疑问句语序改为陈述句语序（主语在谓语前面时），句末用句号，主语的人称，时态和状语要相应变化。 (7)She said,’He left 30 minutes ago.” (8)He said,” My sister was here one week ago.” (9)She said .” I’ll come here this evening.” He said,”Light travels much faster than sound.” 2)疑问句（questions） （1）一般疑问句：直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，用连词whether 或if 引导。主句谓语动词是said 时，要改为asked.没有间接宾语的，可加一个间接宾语（me,him,us等）。 （1）He said,”Are you interested in English?” (2)He said,” Did you see him last night?” 2)特殊疑问句： “What can I do for you?”he asked me. 3.祈使句 将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据句子的意思加上tell,ask,order等动词，句型是：tell/ask /order someone (not) to do something.) 如果祈使句为否定式，不定式前加not. (1)”Make sure the door is shut ,” she said to her little son. (2)”Don’t smoke in the room,” he said to me. * * He said that he liked it v