基于GIS技术的水灾害风险评估与区划的—以松花江流域为例要点分析.doc

基于GIS技术的水灾害风险评估与区划的—以松花江流域为例要点分析.doc

论 文 题 目 基于GIS技术水灾害风险评价与区划的研究 ——以西流松花江流域为例 学 院: 专 业: 地理信息系统 学 生 姓 名: 学 号: 年 级 班: 指 导 教 师: 年月日 摘 要 据统计,目前水灾害的危害程度仅次于地震给人类生产生活带来的危害。所以,水灾害的预警以及水灾害的防治迫在眉睫。对研究区西流松花江水灾害进行研究其目的在于降低水灾害对人类生产生活带来的不利影响。同时,水灾害发生的频率较高,所以实时的水灾害进行预警、监测和风险评价以及规划有很大意义。本文利用GIS技术,采用了灰色度关联法、相关分析法、层次分析法、加权综合评价法、灰色预测法等复合方法。对研究区西流松花江流域进行研究,对研究区水灾害风险识别和风险分析、风险评价与区划、风险管理对策进行系统的研究。分析影响水灾害的各类因素,得出研究区内各市县发生水灾害的风险指数,最后得到研究区内水灾害发生的可能性。利用研究结果研究区内有关部门进行采取相应的预防手段以及有效的措施。 关键词:西流松花江流域;水灾害;GIS技术;风险分析 Abstract According to statistics, at present the harm of water disaster after the earthquake the harm done by the human production and living. Study of water disaster research district its aim is to reduce negative influence of water disaster of human production and living. At the same time, the water disaster frequency, so real-time water disaster early warning, monitoring and risk evaluation and planning has great significance. Using GIS technology, this paper used the gray degree of relation method, correlation analysis, analytic hierarchy process, weighted comprehensive evaluation method, grey forecasting method such as composite method. Study of the west flow Songhua river basin in the study area, the water in the studied area disaster risk identification and risk analysis, risk assessment and regionalization, risk management countermeasure system is studied. Analysis of various influence factors of water disasters, research in various cities and counties in the risk of water disaster index, finally get the possibility of water disaster in the area. Using the research results in the relevant departments to take corresponding prevention methods and effective measures. Key words: Songhua river basin of the west flow; Water disasters; GIS technology; Risk analysis 1引文 水灾害是我国最主要自然灾害之一。近年来,由于降雨的时空分布不均匀,全国地区持续性水灾害发生过于频繁,其风险和发生频率一直呈上升趋势。由于水灾害影响范围广泛,在水灾害发生地区,给当地国民经济特别是农业生产以及生态环境以及当地的生产生活等带来很多不利影响。据统计调查显示1960年到2014年之间全国重大自然灾害中水灾害是影响人数

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