夏季扎龙湿地底栖动物双向指示种(TWINSPAN)分类与水质生物监测汇总.doc

夏季扎龙湿地底栖动物双向指示种（TWINSPAN）分类与水质生物监测 谭景旺，于洪贤 （东北林业大学野生动物资源学院，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150040） 摘要：2011年夏季对扎龙湿地夏季底栖动物种群结构和水质状况进行了综合研究，期间应用双向指示种(TWINSPAN)分析技术，以7个采样点的数据为基础，对各采样点进行了归纳分类。结果显示：扎龙地区水域可以划分为3个类型，6#翁海排干和7#东升水库污生指数（IBP）最小，水质最好，其次为2#采样点，水质稍差，为轻度污染，1#、3#、4#、5#水质较前两组差，3#（扎龙湖）和5#（龙湖）样点已达到β-中污染，但根据污生指数评价标准分析，扎龙湿地整体水质属于轻污染。 关键词：扎龙湿地；大型底栖动物；群落结构；双向指示种 中图分类号：X 824 文献标识码：A Community Structure of Macrozoobenthos and TWINSPAN Classification in Zhalong Wetland in Summer TAN Jing-wang，YU Hong-xian (College of Wildlife ResourcesNortheast Forestry University, Harbin150040, China) Abstract: The population structure of benthic fauna and water quality status were surveyed in the Zhalong Wetland in summer in 2011, and two-way indicator species (TWINSPAN) analysis techniques are used to categorize the sampling points based on the data of the seven sampling points. The results showed that the Zhalong Wetland waters was divided into three types: (1) the minimum pollution Seng Index (IBP) and the best water quality at the 6th point Weng Hai Paigan and the 7th point Dongsheng reservoir; (2) sight worse water quality as light pollution at the 2nd sampling point’ and (3) worse water quality than the other groups at 1,3,4,5 points. Based on the biological pollution index evaluation standards, the water quality at Zhalong area, as a whole, was found to be light pollution, even though the β medium pollution was observed at No.3 (Zhalong Lake) and No.5th (Long Lake). Keywords： Zhalong Nature Reserve; macrozoobentho; community structure; two-way indicator species classification 自Williams等用计算机成功地将样方分类以来，[1]。1975年Hill等了一种重要的多元分方法，指示种分析，，TWINSPAN分类。这方法同时样地和物种分类。TWINSPAN分类技术结果较为，使这一方法且Hill编国际通用程序，成为主要的分类方法。法被广泛应用于陆地生态学和海洋学，主要应用陆植的分类，也有国内外学者将此方法应用于浮游动物、底栖动物的分类和样地[2-6]。底栖动物对环境变化敏感，水体受到污染，底栖动物群落结构及多样性将会改变因此，以种类和群落作为环境评价指标在水质监测中得到广泛应用[7-10]对于底栖动物群落结构及多样性差异不同污染程度的湖泊比较研究较少[11,12]。扎龙湿地位于我国松嫩平原北部，属湿地生态系统，是我国最大的以鹤类等大型水禽珍稀鸟类为主体的国家级自然保护区，保护区总面积约21万hm2，核心区约5万hm2，缓冲区14.8万hm2，实验区1.2万hm2[13,14]。扎龙湿地生物，高等植物525种，隶属于