污泥资源化处理与处置现状及展望论文,理工论文论文,论文.docVIP

污泥资源化处理与处置现状及展望论文,理工论文论文,论文 污泥资源化处理与处置现状及展望 The Summarization of Sludge Resources Disposal Methods in Our Country Abstract：Presently, the disposal methods about sludge have landfill , burn and agricultural, the former two methods because of the limitations of place, expenses reason was limited in using. sludge is rich in N , P , K and organic matter, it is the natural organic fertilizer. So , sludge depositing combined with agricultural recycle treatment becoming the best choice. sludge agricultural disposal methods of our country has mainly: applying fertilizer directly , applying fertilizer after dried , sludge compost and sludge compounded bio-fertilizer, because first two kinds of methods can not get rid of the harmful substance in the sludge effectively , them were limited in using , the last two kinds of methods are tested through the numerous scholars fields, indicate that it is a kind of very promising sludge recycle disposal method , but heavy metal ions are apt to accumulate in the soil and plant, it is important factor that affect sludge land utilize to. This text combined the instance has explained that the current situation and future development trend in agricultural recycle treatment of sludge disposal of our country. Key words: Sludge；Resources；Disposal 摘要：目前，污泥的处置方法主要有填埋、焚烧和农用，前两者由于场地限制、费用昂贵等原因在应用上受到限制。污泥中富含N、P、K及有机质，是天然的有机肥料。因此，污泥的处置与农用资源化相结合将成为最好的选择。我国污泥农用资源化的方法主要有：自然风干后直接施肥、干燥和造粒后施肥、污泥堆肥后施肥和污泥制复合微生物肥，前两种方法由于不能有效去除污泥中的有害物质，而在应用上受到限制，后两种方法通过众多学者田间试验，表明是一种很有前景的污泥资源化处置方法，但重金属离子易在土壤和植物体内积累是限制污泥大规模土地利用的最重要因素。本文结合实例阐述了我国污泥农用资源化处置现状及未来发展趋势。 关键词：污泥 资源化 处置 当前，随着人们对环境污染控制认识的加深，污水处理厂在各主要城市相继建成并投入运行，与此同时污水处理厂又产生大量的残渣即污泥，目前世界上生产污泥已达1亿吨/年（干污泥），我国已达900万吨/年（合干污泥300~350万吨/年） 。国内外污泥处理处置的方法很多，一般采用浓缩、消化、脱水、干化等工艺处理后有效利用（主要为农用）、填埋及焚烧等方法处置，或用其中某几种方法组合处置 。污泥的最终出路不外是资源化利用或以某种形式回到环境中去，随着海洋投弃被禁止，污泥弃置的比例正逐渐减小，同时土地填埋也受到越来越严格的限制 。欧盟、美国及日本近年及预测的污泥主要处置方法见表1[4~7]，在今后数年里美国的大部分填埋场将关闭，欧盟也将规定填埋必须和焚烧相结合，只有焚烧灰才可以被填埋。人们认识到污泥处理的优先顺序是减容、利用、废弃，污泥减量化、稳定化、无害化处理后作为资源回用已经成为主流