chapter 8 Gas Power Cycle1.pptVIP

We have to compromise between high efficiency and high power ratio. Usually in aerospace field the power ratio is more important T s Tmax T0 Obviously there must be an optimum compression ratio which makes the cycle has maximum power ratio This ratio is denoted as: εmax The efficiency depends on T3 basically * * chapter 8 Gas Power Cycle 8-1 The Analysis of a Cycle 8-1-1 The average temperature of a process We define: That is: 1 2 T s s1 s2 T 8-1-2 The Analysis of a Cycle 1 2 T s s1 s2 As to a cycle: a b T2 T1 8-2 Otto Cycle 8-2-1 N. A. Otto Nicolaus August Otto the inventor of the four-stroke cycle was born on 14th June 1831 in Germany. In 1862 he began first experiments with four-strokes engines. The first four-stroke engines is shown. they correspond to the todays engines. He died on 26th January 1891 in Cologne 8-2-2 The Cycle - The Four Strokes Intake stroke: The piston moves down the cylinder and the pressure will drop (negative pressure). The intake valve is opend. Because of the low pressure the air/fuel mixtures is sucked into the cylinder. Compression stroke: At Bottom Dead Center (BDC) the cylinder is at its maximum volume and the intake valve is closed. Now the piston moves backward the Top Dead Center (TDC) and compresses the air/fuel mixtures. Near the end of the compression stroke, the ignition starts the combustion and the mixture burns very rapidly. The expanding gas creates a high pressures against the top of the piston. Power stroke The force drives the piston downward to crank shaft (the valves are closed). The volume is increased and the pressure is decreased. No more energy is added and because of this the internal energy of the gas is decreased as so as the temperature. Exhaust stroke At BDC the exhaust valve is opened and the piston moves up the cylinder. The pressure drops near the pressure outside the cylinder because of the opened exhaust valve. Exhaust gas leaves the cylinder. The volume is decreased. The theory cycle