image_processing.ppt.pptVIP

* The two principal morphological operations(形態運算子) are dilation (膨脹)and erosion (侵蝕) Dilation allows objects to expand (延伸), thus potentially filling in small holes (將小洞填滿), and connecting disjoint objects (連接不相連之物件) Erosion shrinks (萎縮) objects by etching away (eroding) (侵蝕) their boundaries (邊界) * These operations can be customized for an application by the proper selection of the structuring element (正確地選取結構元素), which determines exactly how the objects will be dilated or eroded Basically, the structuring element is used to probe (探測) the image to find how it will fit, or not fit, into the image object(s) * Dilation(膨脹): It is performed by laying the structuring element on the image and sliding it across the image in a manner similar to convolution (將結構元素以類似迴旋的方式在影像中滑動) If the origin of the structuring element coincides with a ‘0’ in the image, there is no change; move to the next pixel (若結構元素之原點對應至影像中之‘0’ ,沒有改變,移至下一像素) If the origin of the structuring element coincides with a ‘1’ in the image, perform the OR logic operation on all pixels within the structuring element (若結構元素之原點對應至影像中之‘1’ ,將結構元素內之所有像素執行OR邏輯運算) * With a dilation operation, all the ‘1’ pixels in the original image will be retained (保留), any boundaries will be expanded (邊界將被延展), and small holes will be filled (小洞將被填滿) * Note: In 1st printing of book, the structuring element is incorrect * Erosion (侵蝕) : It is similar to dilation, but we turn pixels to 0, not 1 If the origin of the structuring element coincides with a 0 in the image, there is no change; move to the next pixel (若結構元素之原點對應至影像中之‘0’ ,沒有改變,移至下一像素) If the origin of the structuring element coincides with a ‘1’ in the image, and any of the ‘1’ pixels in the structuring element extend beyond the object (‘1’ pixels) in the image, then change the ‘1’ pixel in the image, whose location corresponds to the origin of the structuring element, to a ‘0‘(若結構元素之原點對應至影像中之‘1’,且結構元素內之‘1’ 超越了影像中之‘1’ ,則將結構元素之原點所對應之像素變成‘0‘). * With an erosi