美国文化American culture.ppt

务实 be practical, down to earth 美国人思想观念中的数量观念很大程度上反映了他们的务实精神。  “金钱”与“精神”money and spirit  在美国，金钱是衡量一个人成功与否的重要尺度， 但美国也并不是“一切向钱看”的社会，绝大多数的美国人信奉宗教，以基督教(Christianity)为主。 宽容性 tolerance 美国是个移民之国 美国人的文化习俗中形成了较高程度的宽容性（tolerance），对异质文化和不同评议持容忍、可接受的态度。 “多民族融合”与“种族歧视” melting pot and racial discrimination 美国是一个多民族的大熔炉(melting pot) //salad bowl 但是隐形的种族歧视依然存在。 批判精神 be critical 对权威质疑，挑战。 爱搞实验 experimental 美利坚民族性格中，爱搞实验是她的一个重要特点。美国都被看作是“机遇之地”（land of opportunity），因而可以在那里展开实验 从深层意义上讲，美国人爱搞实验的秉性和由之衍生的开拓精神都源于美国人的乐观主义思想。 美利坚民族性格中滋生出了强烈的事业开拓精神。 美国人乐意向新事物进行挑战。他们厌恶因袭守旧的观念， 标新立异 dare to be different 美国人可能是世界上最热衷于、也善于标新立异的民族。 God was left out of the Constitution but was furnished a front seat on the coins of the country. － American humor 宗教与信仰religion and belief questions What do you know about religion in the United States? Do many Americans believe in God? What religion is most popular in the United States? Do Americans have a national religion? How has religion shaped American values? What are the main religious problems in American life? What are some of the major religious bodies and their characteristics in the United States? Muslim 穆斯林教 Taoism 道教 Confucianism 儒教 Shintoism 神道教 How religious are Americans? 93% of Americans say they believe in God 87% of Americans are Christians 46% attend church every week or almost every week 63% think that religion can answer all or most of today’s problems 68% claim that they are a member of a local church 7% say they have no religious preference or beliefs The reasons for Americans to be so religious Religion in America has never been identified with an oppressive or dominant social class or set of political institutions. Most people want to identify themselves with dominant values, and going freely to the church of one’s choice is a way of doing so, and of gaining acceptance in the face of a subtle demand f