石墨填充聚酰胺／聚丙烯导热复合材料的研究.doc

石墨填充聚酰胺／聚丙烯导热复合材料的研究 徐久升 摘要：为了降低聚合物基导热复合材料中填料的含量，用聚酰胺6 PA6 ／聚丙烯 PP 两相聚合物作为基体，研究了PA6／PP／鳞片石墨 FG 和PA6／FG 复合材料的热导率随FG 含量的变化规律。PA6／FG 复合材料中FG 质量分数为30% 时，复合材料的热导率为1.85 W／ m · K ，而PA6／PP／FG 复合材料热导率达到1.88 W／ m · K 时，FG的质量分数仅需20%，说明PP 作为体积排除相，优化了FG 在PA6 中的分布。以PA6／PP 作为基体，达到与PA6 单一基体相近的热导率时可以降低FG 的填充量，改善导热复合材料的加工性能和力学性能。同时研究了不同FG 含量下两种复合材料的电阻率，结果发现，在FG 质量分数为30% 时，PA6／PP／FG 复合材料的体积电阻率比PA6／FG 的体积电阻率低两个数量级，间接证实PP 的加入改变了FG 在PA6 中的分布。用扫描电子显微镜对FG 在PA6 ／PP／FG 复合材料中的分布进行了研究，结果表明，当FG 质量分数超过30% 时，FG 相互之间的接触增多。 关键词：热导率；聚酰胺6 ；聚丙烯；鳞片石墨分布；体积排除 Research of Thermally Conductive Composites Based on Flake Graphite Filled in Polyamide 6／Polypropylene Xu Jiusheng Abstract ：Polyamide 6 PA6 ／polypropylene PP as a two-phase polymer matrix was used to reduce the filler content of thermally conductive composites based on polymer materials. Thermal conductivities of both PA6／PP／flake graphite FG and PA6／FG composites with different FG content were studied. Thermal conductivity of PA6／FG composite is 1.85 W／ m · K when FG content is 30% ；while thermal conductivity of PA6／PP／FG composite could reached to 1.88 W／ m · K as long as FG content is 20%. This implies that PP as a size-exclusion phase could optimize the distribution of FG in PA6. FG content could be reduced when thermal conductivities of PA6／PP／FG composites reach to the same value as PA6／FG composites， thus could improve the processing performance and mechanical properties of thermally conductive composites. Electrical resistivities of PA6／PP／FG and PA6／FG composites were also studied. The results show that the volume electrical resistivity of PA6／PP／FG composite is two orders of magnitude lower than PA6／FG composite when FG content is 30%. This indicates that the addition of PP changes the distribution of FG in PA6. The distribution of FG in PA6／PP／FG composite was studied by SEM. It showes that the possibility of FG contact with each other is increased when the content exceeds 30%. Keywords ：thermal conductivity ；polyamide 6 ；polypr