Chapter04 respiration.pptVIP

Chapter 4 Respiration in plant Section1. The concept and physiological role of respiration in plant 1.1 Concept of respiration 1.1.1 Aerobic respiration In the presence of molecular oxygen (O2), living cell makes respiratory substrates degrade (oxidize) thoroughly, companied with release of CO2 , formation of H2O and unlocking of energy. Respiration substrates：sugar, fat or protein. Normal substrate is glucose (G, C6H12O6). C6H12O6+6O2→6CO2+6H2O+Energy(△G) △G=2870kJ(686kCal)/mol 1.1.2 Anaerobic respiration  In the absence of O2, living cell makes respiratory substrates degrade partly, companied with unlocking of less energy. Fermentation in microbes. C6H12O6 → 2C2H5OH+2CO2+Energy  △G`=100kJ/mol C6H12O6→ 2CH3CHOHCOOH+Energy △G`=100kJ/molAdaptation to flooding and anaerobic condition. 1.2 Physiological role of respiration (1)Provide the energy (36ATP) for life activity. (2)Provide the intermediate products (skeleton) for other biosynthesis, keto acid (酮酸) and NAD(P)H. Section 2. Respiratory pathway of plant 2.1 Glycolysis------ EMP pathway: A process in which hexose is degraded to pyruvate in cytosol. Glucose as an example, EMP pathway can be summed up as following reaction equation: C6H12O6+2NAD+2ADP+2Pi→2CH3COCOOH+2NADH2+2ATP+2H2O Key mediates：Pyr→Ala PEP→OAA PEP+E4P→C7……shikimic acid pathway (莽草酸途径)……aromatic amino acid (芳香族氨基酸) and plant hormones. CO2+H2O+ATP ↑ Tricarboxylic acid cycle ↑O2 Ethanol←← * Pyr Lactate NAD NADH ↓ NADH NAD Transamination ↓ Ala Figure4-2. The fate of pyruvate depends largely on available oxygen. 2.2 、TCA cycle (Tricarboxylic acid cycle) TCA cycle is a program carried out in mitochondrial matrix under available O2, in which pyruvate is , step by step, degraded by oxidation into H2O and CO2 --------------------Kreb