光通讯基础课件Chapter2-3.pptVIP

The principle of refrigeration: Liquid becomes gas because of absorbing the heat and gas becomes liquid because of releasing the heat. Boiling point of the substance is changed in different pressure. The higher the pressure ,the higher the boiling point. For F12, the boiling point is －29.80C under 1 atmosphere pressure and 500C under 12 atmosphere pressure. The compressor make the substance circulate. In condenser ,liquefaction is happened to release the heat by means of high pressure .In the evaporator, boiloff is happened to absorb the heat (refrigeration) because of the lower pressure . Data conversion unit The transmitter’s data conversion unit performs three major functions:encoding, parallel-to-serial conversion, and reshaping the electric format of the data.Encoding means representing data (binary numbers) in a physical format (pulses). This is necessary because data are transmitted in different line codes. Non-return-to-zero (NRZ) This code looks very natural and seems very convenient but it has poor transmission capability. Manchester code The Manchester code requires twice the bandwidth for transmission that the NRZ code needs.Return-to-zero (RZ) The trend is to increasing use of the RZ code. The second function of the data-conversion unit is parallel-to-serial conversion. Data enter in parallel format but a laser diode can be driven only by serial pulses of modulation current. Thus, a parallel-in serial-out converter (PISO), which is often called a multiplexer, is used to convert data into the serial format. The third function of the data-conversion unit is reshaping the electric format of data. Either a comparator or the buffer can be used for this purpose. Laser driver Data prepared for light transmission pass into a laser driver. We need this circuit because a laser diode is a current-driven rather than a voltage-driven device, while the power supply is always a voltage source. Thus, the first function of a laser driver is to conv