第十二章蛋白质合成简析.ppt

按中心法则，DNA贮存遗传信息传递给mRNA，mRNA是蛋白质合成的模板，但是mRNA→蛋白质之间遗传信息的传递并不像转录那样简单，从mRNA上所携带的遗传信息，到多肽链上所带的遗传信息的传递，好像从一种语言翻译成另一种语言的情形，所以人们称以mRNA为模板的蛋白质合成过程为翻译或转译。 Protein synthesis or translation is the most complex of all biosynthetic mechanisms; 60 to 90 macromolecules for making up the protein-synthesizing machine ribosomes; Over 20 enzymes for activating the amino acids; Over 10 auxiliary proteins for the initiation, elongation and termination of the polypeptide chains; Account for up to 90% of the chemical energy used by a cell for all biosynthetic reactions; The molecules used for transl