初中英語总复习知识点归纳(基本全了).doc

初中英语总复习知识点归纳 ????? ?冠词 a / an 的用法 a用于辅音音素前 ?a useful book, ??a university, ??a “u” Once a week??? ?have a swim/walk/talk/look/dance/drink/ rest ??have a cold/ headache / fever /cough??? have a good time ??have a try?? in a hurry???? after a while??? keep a diary??? go for a walk ??in a minute ???in a word ??in a short while ?? an则用于元音音素前 an hour, an honest boy , an “A E F H I L M N O R S X” keep an eye on 定冠词the的用法： 1）特指双方都明白的人或物： Give me the book. 2）上文提到过的人或事： ---Do you know the lady in blue? –Yes, she is a teacher of a university. 3）指世上独一物二的事物the sun ( sky / moon/ earth/? world/? nature/ ?universe ) 4）单数名词连用表示一类事物，如：the dollar 美元;? The lion is a wild animal.或与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人：the rich /poor/ blind/ aged / living / impossible 5）用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only，very, same等前面：I live on the second floor. 6）用在表示身体部位的名词前： She caught me by the arm. 7）用在表示乐器和表方位的名词之前：　 She plays the piano \violin \ guitar ?in the north of China 8）用在普通名词构成专有名词前： the Peoples Republic of China　 the United States? the Great Wall? the Summer Palace 9) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人：the Greens are playing the piano. ? 10) in the day, in the morning (afternoon，evening),　in the middle (of),　in the end,? all the time?? at the same time ??on the whole,　by the way,　go to the cinema ?at he age of six ?at the beginning of the twenty-first century ??on the other side of ??at the moment?? the day after tomorrow　? the day before yesterday,　the next morning,　in the sky (water，field，country)　in the dark, in the rain,　　 不用定冠词的情况 1) 国名，人名前通常不用定冠词：China , Europe? 欧洲 Lei Feng 雷锋?? 2）物质名词和抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词；当表示特定的意思时，需要加定冠词Failure is the mother of success.　失败乃成功之母。 3）在季节、月份、节日、 假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词； Children’s Day?? Mother’s Day?? Father’s Day? 4）在称呼或表示官衔，职位的名词前不加冠词； He is captain of the team. 5）在三餐、四季，球类运动、学科、娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词 如：have breakfast /supper / lunch，play basketball / football / volleyball / chess , in spring/summer/ autumn/ winter 6）当by 与火车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，中间无冠词；by bus/ train/ taxi/ bus/ ship ?? 7）Day and night?