第十章醇和酚重点分析.ppt

第 十 章 醇 和 酚Alcohols and Phenols 醇的命名 1、选择含羟基的最长碳链为主链； 2、从离羟基最近的一端开始编号； 3、将相应的烃基加上醇并标明醇所在的位置。 IUPAC Rules for Naming Alcohols Select the longest carbon chain containing the hydroxyl group, and derive the parent name by replacing the -e ending of the corresponding alkane with -ol Number the chain from the end nearer the hydroxyl group Number substituents according to position on chain, listing the substituents in alphabetical order Many Alcohols Have Common Names These are accepted by IUPAC 根据与醇羟基直接相连碳上取代基的情况，醇可分为： 醇的物理性质 44 48 46 -42 -32 +78 0 1.9 1.7 水中的溶解性 甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇与水无限互溶