中石油2016通用英语选读课文15.doc

15. Conventional常规 Petroleum Reservoir储藏 常规油气藏 1.A petroleum reservoir,or oil and gas reservoir,is a subsurface地下的 pool石油层，水池 of hydrocarbons碳氢化合物 contained in permeable可渗透的,porous多孔渗水的 or fractured有裂缝的 rock formations岩层,with most reservoir rocks储集岩 being limestones石灰岩,dolomites白云岩,sandstones沙岩,or a combination of事物的综合 these.The three basic types of hydrocarbon reservoirs are oil, gas,and condensate冷凝物.The formation of petroleum reservoirs can be divided into被分成 four stages阶段: 1.油藏或油气藏，是储藏于地下滲透性、孔隙性或有裂缝的地层中的碳水化合物。大部分储集岩是石灰岩、白云岩、沙岩或混合性岩石。油气藏有三种基本类型：油藏、气藏和凝析气藏。油藏的形成可以分为以下四个阶段: 1)With burial埋葬 of plankton浮游生物,algae海藻 and other protein蛋白质 rich life forms under layers of sand and mud at a source rock烃源岩,and continuous accumulation积累of sand,the buried material heats up升温 at 50°C to 70°C. 1)浮游生物、海藻或其他富含蛋白质的生物埋藏于烃源岩砂泥层中，随着沙子的不断沉积，埋藏生物温度上升到50至70摄氏度。 2)High temperature,combined with连同pressure，triggers触发，引发 a “cooking” process. 2)地下高温、高压触发了“蒸煮”的生油过程。 3)Eventually,the buried residue残余，渣滓，滤渣，残数，剩余物 transforms into转化成liquid hydrocarbons. 3)最后，埋藏的生物残骸会转换成流体状的烃类物质。 4)Later on they migrate from从…迁移到 the source rock to porous rocks and get trapped被困 in impermeable layers of rock. 4)然后，这些烃类物质从烃源岩运移到有孔隙的岩石，并且成藏于非渗透性岩层之间。 2.Oil Reservoir 2.油藏 3.An oil reservoir generally contains three fluids流体—gas,oil,and water—with oil the dominant占优势的 product.In the typical oil reservoir,these fluids occur in different phases阶段 because of the variance不一致，变化，变迁，分歧，不和 in their gravities重力.Gas,the lightest,occupies占据 the upper part of the reservoir rocks;water,the lower part;and oil,the intermediate section中部. 3.油藏通常有三种流体：油、气和水，其中油是主要产品。这三种流体由于重力差异呈现不同的形态，三者中最轻的气处在油藏的最上部；水处在最底部；油位于中间。 4.Although the structural构造 traps in which oil accumulates exist in存在于 various forms多种形式,the oil usually occurs in association with与…结合 gas and salt water.A certain amount of一定数量的 water always occurs together with连同 the oil in the middle zone.The proportion比例 of water to oil is usually about 10 to 30 percent.Water also o