S1科学家的职业化讲内容.docVIP

科学家角色的出现与科学体制化的形成 一、关于科学家名称 Science is accumulative body of knowledge about the natural world. Obtained by the application of a particular method practiced by the scientist. The word science itself is derived from the Latin scire, to know, to have knowledge of, to experience. Technology is the fruit of applied science. It is the concrete expression of research done in the laboratory. And applied to manufacturing commodities to meet human needs. The word scientist was introduced only in 1840 by William Whewell professor of Moral Philosophy at the University of Cambridge. Whewell was a friend of