大学毕业论文__桥式起重机.docVIP

摘 要 起重机械用来对物料作起重、运输、装卸和安装等作业的机械设备，它可以减轻体力劳动、提高劳动生产率和在生产过程中进行某些特殊的工艺操作，实现机械化和自动化。 本设计通过对桥式起重机的大车运行机构部分和回转小车运行机构的总体设计计算，以及电动机、联轴器、缓冲器、制动器的选用；运行机构减速器的设计计算和零件的校核计算及结构设计，完成了桥式起重机的大车运行机构和回转小车运行机构机械部分的设计。通过本次设计，完成了一台15+15t起重量、桥跨度为22.5米的设计要求，并且整个传动过程比较平稳，且大车运行机构和回转小车运行机构结构简单，拆装方便，维修容易，价格低廉。 关键词： 桥式起重机； 大车运行机构； 回转小车运行机构； 减速器 ABSTRACT Crane is a kind of mechanical equipments used for lifting, moving, loading/unloading, and installing. It can lower the manual workload and upgrade productivity. It can be operated in some special environment, too, and work with high automatic level. Crane can operate whole objects, disintegrated materials, or liquid substances. The crane loads vary from time to time, so it is a periodic operational machine. A crane contains three major parts, mechanic components, a metal structure, and electrical devices. A crane’s mechanical movements are multi-actions, such as raising, running, and rotating. This paper is main deal with mechanical design for the moving mainframe of bridge crane and Rotating Frame of Bridge Crane, including all design calculation selection of electrical motors, clutch, buffer, and brakes, the design and calculation of the reducer, calibration and verification of the calculation for the parts, and structure designs. Through a series of work, the design is satisfied with the functional requirments, 15+15 ton lifting power and 22.5 metre bridge span. The course of drive is quite smooth. The mechanical structure of the mainframe is simple, easy to install/disassemble, and maintain. And it has low cost. Key words: Bridge crane; The moving mainframe; The rotating frame; The reducer 目 录 1 绪论 1 1.1 起重机的基本组成 1 1.2 起重机运行机构的基本构造及其特点 1 1.3 起重机运行机构的驱动方式 2 1.4 起重机设计参数 5 2 大车运行机构计算 5 2.1 确定传动方案 5 2.2 选择车轮与轨道并验算其强度 6 2.3 运行阻力计算 7 2.4 选电动机 8 2.5 验算电动机发热条件 9 2.6 选择减速器 9 2.7 验算运行速度和实际所需功率 10 2.8 启动时间验算 10 2.9 起动工况下减速器功率校核 12 2.10 起动不打滑验算 12 2.10.1 二台电动机空载时同时起动 12 2.10.2 事故状态 13 2.11 选择制动器 15 2.12 联轴器选择 16 2.12.1