大学毕业论文-cmos高速锁相环的研究与设计.docVIP

毕 业 设 计 设计题目：CMOS高速锁相环的研究与设计 系 别： 信息工程系 班 级： 电子信息工程 姓　 名： 指 导 教 师： 年6月10日CMOS高速锁相环的研究与设计 摘 要 在现今电子信息高速发展的时代，通信等技术变得越来越重要。锁相环作为一种能够跟踪输入信号的闭环自动相位控制系统，因其电路结构简单，性能优越等特点，现在被广泛应用于无线电通信、雷达、流体力学等众多领域。 本文介绍了一种高速锁相环的设计方法。本文设计的锁相环采用当前主流的电路结构—数模混合结构的电荷泵锁相环。锁相环路中的鉴频鉴相器采用RS锁存器实现鉴频/鉴相功能，有效地提高了整个电荷泵锁相环对相位变化的灵敏度。电荷泵电路也做了一定的改进，性能更为优越。压控振荡器采用常用的环形振荡器结构，采用电流驱动逻辑（CSL）电路作为缓冲单元。分频器采用单相时钟TSPC逻辑实现。论文从系统设计角度出发对电荷泵锁相环的工作原理、数学模型及基本性能多做了详细的分析。 该电荷泵锁相环采用0.13μmCMOS工艺实现。利用Tanner软件进行各模块、整体电路的设计，及版图的绘制与验证。从锁相环的仿真结果可知，我们的实验结果和理论结果相符。 关键词：电荷泵锁相环　电荷泵　压控振荡器 鉴频鉴相器 Abstract Communications technology is becoming increasingly important in todays era of rapid development of electronic information. A tetris games design method has been introduced in this thesis based on STC89C53 MCU. This system is chiefly constituted of STC89C53 MCU, KXM12864J LCD, independent keys and buzzer. MCU is the core controller in this design. To make related information of the game seen by players, an area is differentiated showing shape of next graph, score, game time, speed and level in the screen. When playing this game, we can control the graph shown to move left and right, fall quickly and transform into another one flexibly by pressing keys. After passing one level, the screen shows us “GOOD JOB”, or we get “GAME OVER”. The buzzer gives out different sounds meanwhile to warn game-players of the current state. In this design, the simulation is done in Proteus simulative software. Code compiling, debugging and modification of hardware circuit are done with the help of Kiel C51 tool. Then it is debuged again after circuit board welded. Finally, the system raslizes all the functions of a minitype tetris machine. Key words: MCU; KXM12864J; Tetris; Keil 目 录 1 引言 1 2 芯片简介 2 2.1 单片机简介 2 2.2 KXM12864J简介 4 3 系统硬件的设计 9 3.1 单片机最小系统的设计 9 3.1.1 电源电路的设计 9 3.1.