超硬刀具材料的發展与应用分析.docVIP

/ HYPERLINK / / / 超硬刀具材料的发展与应用分析 [摘要]随着材料工业及精密机械工业的发展，精密切削、超精密切削和难切削材料使用的增多，超硬刀具材料的应用日益广泛。本文通过分析超硬刀具材料的发展状况，对主要品种的应用进行探讨。 [abstract] with the development of material industry, and precision machinery industry, precision cutting, the ultra precision cutting and difficult cutting material used on the rise, application of superhard cutting tool materials is becoming more and more widely. In this paper, by analyzing the development situation of superhard cutting tool material, the main varieties of application were discussed. 　　[关键词]超硬刀具 刀具材料 金刚石 [key words] diamond superhard cutting tool cutting tool materials 　　 　　一、超硬刀具材料发展概况 First, development general situation of superhard cutting tool materials 　　超硬刀具材料是指天然金刚石及硬度、性能与之相近的人造金刚石和CBN(立方氮化硼)。由于天然金刚石价格比较昂贵，所以生产上大多采用人造聚晶金刚石(PCD)、聚晶立方氮化硼(PCBN)以及它们的复合材料。 Refers to the natural diamond superhard cutting tool materials and hardness, the performance similar to the synthetic diamond and CBN (cubic boron nitride). Because natural diamond price is expensive, so the production mostly adopts the synthetic polycrystalline diamond (PCD) and polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN) and their composite materials. 　　早在20世纪50年代，美国就利用人造金刚石微粉和CBN微粉在高温、高压、触媒和结合剂的作用下烧结成尺寸较大的聚晶块作为刀具材料。之后，南非戴比尔斯(DeBeem)公司、前苏联和日本也相继研制成功。20世纪70年代初又推出了金刚石或CBN和硬质合金的复合片，它们是在硬质合金基体上烧结或压制一层0.5mm～1mm的PCD或PCBN而成，从而解决了超硬刀具材料抗弯强度低、镶焊困难等问题，使超硬刀具的应用进入实用阶段。 In the early 1950 s, the United States have used artificial diamond micro powder and CBN powder at high temperature, high pressure, and the catalytic binder burn under the action of big size of polycrystalline block as the cutting tool material. DE beers, the South Africa (DeBeem) company, the former Soviet union and Japan have also successfully developed. Launched in the early 1970 s, the diamond or CBN and carbide composite films, they are sintered on cemented carbide substrates or suppress a layer of 0.5 mm to 1 mm between PCD and PCBN, low flex