高中英语句子成分分析概要.pptVIP

定义 ：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分； 主要成分：主语和谓语 次要成分：宾语、定语、状语、补 语、表语、同位语 找出句中主语 The sun rises in the east.???? （名词） ??????????? He likes dancing.????? ?????????????? （代词） Twenty years is a short time in history. （数词）?????? Seeing is believing.??? ?????????????????? （动名词）?????? To see is to believe.?????????? ????????? （不定式） ???????? What he needs is a book. ???????? （从句） It is very clear that the sun rises in the east. （It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语） （三）宾语（Object） 表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于动词和介词后面。例如： 1.He is doing his homework. 2.The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time. 3.How many dictionaries do you have? I have five. 4.They helped the old with their housework yesterday. 5.He pretended not to see me. 6.I enjoy listening to popular music. 7.I think（that）he is fit for his office. 当不定式、动名词或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。 什么情况下用it作形式主语？ 你能划出下列句子的真正的主语吗?你懂得翻译下列句子吗？ 1) It is wrong to tell a lie. ( ) 2) It is no use arguing about it. ( ) 3) It is uncertain who will come. ( ) 说谎是错误的。 争吵是没用的。 谁要来还不确定。 二、宾语 宾语可以用下面这些东西表示： 1.She lived a happy life.( ) 2.I love you.( ) 3.We need two.( ) 4.Do you mind my opening the door?( ) 5.He began to learn English a year ago.( ) 6.He did not know what to say.( ) 7.Did you write down what she said? ( ) 8. She felt it her duty to take good care of them. ( ) 名词 代词 数词 动名词 不定式 疑问词+不定式 从句 It作形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语 二、表语 表语可以用下面这些东西表示： He is a teacher. ( ) My idea is this.( ) She was the first to arrive.( ) I feel much better today./I must be off now. ( ) He is out of danger.( ) The news was exciting./They were excited at the news.( ) What surprised me most was that he