学士学位论文_燃煤电厂凝汽式汽轮发电机组基本热力计算及主要动力设备的选择.doc

摘 要 机组容量初步确定思路：发电厂容量确定后，汽轮机单机容量和台数即可以确定。大型电网中主力发电厂应优先选用大容量机组，最大机组容量宜取电力系统总容量的8 % ~10 % ，国外取4% ~6％。我国超过25000MW容量的大电网有四个，都可装600MW及以上的大机组，但由于大型发电厂的厂址很不容易选到，燃料运输量大，供水量多，灰渣排放多等因素给厂址的选择带来很大困难。容量大的电力系统，应选用高效率的300MW、 600MW机组。根据我国汽轮机现行规范，单机容量25MW供热机组、50 MW以上凝汽式机组宜采用高参数，125~200MW凝汽式机组或供热抽汽机组宜采用超高参数，300MW 、600MW凝汽式机组宜采用亚临界参数或超临界参数。 本次设计是一次完全的火电厂动力部分设计 首先，发电厂原则性热力系统的拟定与计算： 包括给水回热和除氧系统、补充水系统、汽轮机和锅炉形式和参数的确定、回热系统参数的确定、加热器组的计算、汽轮机汽耗量及各项流量的计算和热经济指标的计算。 其次，汽轮机部分辅助设备的选择： 包括给水泵的选择、凝结水泵的选择及循环水泵的选择。 第三，对锅炉燃料及其辅助设备的选择： 锅炉燃料选择烟煤，根据煤的成分分析并选择磨煤机、送风机和引风机及其锅炉效率的校核。 关键词：汽轮机 锅炉 热力系统  Abstract Abstract unit capacity preliminary definite mentality: After station capacity determination, the steam turbine unit capacity and the Taiwan number namely may determine. In the large-scale electrical network the main force power plant should first select the large capacity unit, the biggest unit capacity takes the electrical power system aggregate capacity suitably 8% ~ 10%, overseas takes 4% ~ 6%. Our country surpasses the 25000MW capacity the big electrical network to have four, may install 600MW and the above big unit, but because the large-scale power plants factory site is not very easy to elect, the fuel freight volume is big, the volume of diversion are many, the ash dregs discharges and so on factors to bring the very major difficulty many for the factory site choice. The capacity big electrical power system, uses the high efficiency elected 300MW, the 600MW unit. According to our country steam turbine present standard, above the unit capacity 25MW heating unit, 50 MW the condensation type unit uses the high parameter suitably, the 125~200MW condensation type unit either heating pulls out the steam unit to use the superelevation parameter suitably, 300MW, the 600MW condensation type unit uses the subcritical parameter or the supercritical parameter suitably. this design is a complete thermoelectric power station power section design: first, power plant principled thermodynamic systems sk