定语从句精讲.doc

定语从句----精讲精练 一、定语从句考点：（五大考点，每年必考） （1）考点1：定语从句的本质 （2）考点2：用关系代词还是关系副词 （3）考点3：关系代词和关系副词的特殊情况 （4）考点4：在“介词+which/whom”的结构中，介词的选择 （5）考点5：非限制性定语从句 二、-高考英语语法精讲 （1）考点1：①定语从句的本质：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句或形容词从句；整个从句修饰这一名词 ②被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词 a. God helps those(先行词) who help themselves（定语从句）. b. I like the girl（先行词） who speaks English very well. c. You must do everything(先行词)that I do .（定语从句） ③关系代词和关系副词的作用： 连接作用（连接主句和从句）；替代作用（替代先行词）；成分作用（必须在定语从句中充当成分） （2）考点2：用关系代词还是关系副词 ① 定语从句解题技巧：（三步） I．找出连接词 II．找出主句----分析主句成分----确定从句类型 III．立即将先行词直接带入从句---分析从句成分---分析先行词在从句中的成分 ②关系代词和关系副词 关系词 先行词 充当成分 关系代词 who 人 主、宾、表 whom 人 宾 which 物 主、宾、表 that 人和物 主、宾、表 as 物 主、宾 关系形容词 Whose= of whom/of…which 人和物的 定语 关系副词 When=at/in/on/during…which 时间 时间状语 Where=at/in/to…which 地点 地点状语 Why=for which 原因 原因状语 注意：1.关系词所做的成分关键是由从句中的动词来决定 This is the place where we work.(vi) This is the place which we visited.(vt) 2.当先行词为时间名词（如time, day, year, week, month, occasion…） 用关系副词when,但关系副词只能做状语，如果从句中缺主语或宾语则要用that。当先行词为地点名词（如：place ,room, city, country, situation, case, scene…）时，用关系副词where, 但此时只能做地点状语，如果定语从句缺主语或宾语就要用that 。 ①（07安徽卷：）---Do you have anything to say for yourselves? ---Yes, this is the only one point ___we must insist on. A. which B. that C. where D. when 答案:A ②（07全国卷）Some pre-school children go to a day care center;____ they learn simple games and songs. A. then B. there C. while D. where 答案:D ③(07天津卷)Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _____ sight matters more than hearing. A. when B. whose C. which D. where 答案:D ④(05广东卷) Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes ___ people were eaten by the tiger. A. in which B. by which C. which D. that 答案:A ⑤(05江苏卷)The place ___ the bridge is supposed to be built should be ____ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. A. which; where B. at which; which C.at which; where D.which; in which