第十章 肿瘤与遗传_培训课件.pptVIP

二次突变学说： (Proposed by Knudson.) Suggested that the germ line mutation is present in all cells but only those cells in susceptible target organs that undergo a second mutation of wild type allele develop tumors 癌基因(Oncogenes) : Any of a family of genes that normally code for proteins involved in cell growth or its regulation. If mutated or activated by retroviruses, it may contribute to a malignancy. 能够使细胞癌变的基因. 病毒癌基因 细胞癌基因：原癌基因(proto-oncogene) 癌基因的命名 根据来源的病毒名，由3个字母组成。 如来源于猴肉瘤病毒(simiam sarcoma)的sis基因 Growth factors 可刺激细胞增生 sis癌基因——血小板生长因子2(PDGF) hst癌基因——成纤维细胞生长因子2