宾语从句,状语从句,定语从句.pptx

(复合句)　 宾语从句、状语从句、 定语从句授课者：Miss Liu中考考点　1．宾语从句的时态、语序及句中引导词的选用。　2．状语从句中的连词及时态。　3．定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的具体用法。考点一 宾语从句概念：在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语1．引导词　(1)在that 引导的宾语从句中，若是陈述句作宾语，that可以省略。eg：　The radio says (that) it will rain tomorrow.　收音机报道说明天要下雨。　(2)连接代词which，what，who等或连接副词how, where, why, when等引导的特殊疑问句作宾语的从句时，从句改用陈述语序。eg：　Could you tell me what he said to you?　你能告诉我他跟你说了些什么吗？(3)whether 或 if 引导的一般疑问句或选择疑问句作宾语的从句时，从句改用陈述语序。如：　I wonder if/whether you have told the news to Li Lei.我想知道你是否已经告诉李雷这个消息了。　[注意] 下列几种情况通常使用whether：　①具有选择意义且又有or或or not，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether；eg：Could you tell me whether go or not?　②介词之后用whether； eg,：We are talking about whether well go on the pinic.　③不定式前用whether。 eg：We decided whether to walk there.2．时态　(1)当主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态 Do you know if/whether he has seen the film? (2)当主句的谓语动词为一般过去式，从句要用相应的过去时态。Eg：We asked what Jean was doing then.　我们问琼那时正在做什么。　(3)当从句表述的是客观真理或普遍规律时，宾语从句要使用一般现在时。Eg：Lisa asked whether light travels/goes faster than sound. 丽萨问光的传播速度是否比声音快。　3．语序　（疑问词+主语+谓语+其他）　(1)陈述句改为宾语从句时，语序不变。如：　He is a good child. The teacher said. →The teacher said (that) he was a good child. 老师说他是个好孩子。　(2)一般疑问句和特殊疑问句改为宾语从句时，语序改为陈述语序。如：　Does he work hard？I wonder.→I wonder if/whether he works hard ．我想知道他工作是否努力。 　When did he leave？I dont know. →I dont know when he left.我不知道他是什么时候离开的。　[提醒] 宾语从句与简单句的转换　由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句常可以转换为“特殊疑问词＋to do”结构的简单句。如：　I dont know what I should say.→I dont know what to say ． 我不知道要说什么。宾语从句小口诀宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。习题： 1—Your English is so good. Could you tell us ____? —At homeschool. My father taught me.(2014南昌) A．where did you learn it B．where will you learn it C．where you learnt itD.where you will learn it2．—Could you tell me ____ ？—You can take the No.1 bus. (2014，黔西南州)A．how can we get to Xingyi Airport B．how we can get to Xingyi Airport C．how do we get to Xingyi Airport D．how we got to Xingyi AirportCBC3．—Can you tell me _____？—In these days.(