年产五万吨合成氨合成x工段工艺设计.docxVIP

目录中文摘要1英文摘要21 引言31.1 氨的基本用途31.2 合成氨技术的发展趋势41.3 合成氨常见工艺方法41.3.1 高压法51.3.2 中压法51.3.3 低压法51.4 设计条件51.5 物料流程示意图62 物料衡算82.1 合成塔入口气组成82.2 合成塔出口气组成82.3 合成率计算92.4 氨分离器出口气液组成计算102.5 冷交换器分离出的液体组成132.6 液氨贮槽驰放气和液相组成的计算132.7 液氨贮槽物料衡算152.8 合成循环回路总物料衡算173 能量衡算283.1 合成塔能量衡算283.2废热锅炉能量衡算303.3 热交换器能量衡算313.4 软水预热器能量衡算323.5 水冷却器和氨分离器能量衡算333.6 循环压缩机能量衡算353.7 冷交换器与氨冷器能量衡算363.8 合成全系统能量平衡汇总384 设备选型及管道计算404.1 管道计算404.2 设备选型42结论43致谢44参考文献45年产五万吨合成氨合成工段工艺设计摘要：本次课程设计任务为年产五万吨合成氨工厂合成工段的工艺设计，氨合成工艺流程一般包括分离和再循环、氨的合成、惰性气体排放等基本步骤，上述基本步骤组合成为氨合成循环反应的工艺流程。其中氨合成工段是合成氨工艺的中心环节。新鲜原料气的摩尔分数组成如下：H2 73.25%，N2 25.59%， CH4 1.65%,Ar 0.51%合成操作压力为31MPa，合成塔入口气的组成为NH3(3.0%),CH4+Ar(15.5%),要求合成塔出口气中氨的摩尔分数达到17%。通过查阅相关文献和资料，设计了年产五万吨合成氨厂合成工段的工艺流程，并借助CAD技术绘制了该工艺的管道及仪表流程图和设备布置图。最后对该工艺流程进行了物料衡算、能量衡算，并根据设计任务及操作温度、压力按相关标准对工艺管道的尺寸和材质进行了选择。关键词：物料衡算，氨合成，能量衡算The Design of 50kt/a Synthetic Ammonia ProcessAbstract: There are ?many types of Ammonia synthesis technology and process, Generally,they includes ammonia synthesis, separation and recycling, inert gases Emissions and other basic steps, Combining the above basic steps turnning into the ammonia synthesis reaction and recycling process , in which ammonia synthesis section is the central part of a synthetic ammonia process.The task of curriculum design is the ammonia synthesis section of an annual fifty thousand tons synthetic ammonia plant . The composition of fresh feed gas is: H2(73.77%),N2(24.56%),CH4(1.27%),Ar(0.4%), the temperature is 35℃, the operating pressure is 31MPa, the inlet gas composition of the Reactor is : NH3(3.0%),CH4+Ar(15.7%),it Requires the mole fraction of ammonia reacheds to 16.8% of outlet gas of synthesis reactor. By consulting the relevant literature and information,we designed the ammonia synthesis section of an annual fifty thousand tons synthetic ammonia plant, with the help of CAD technology,we designed piping and instrument diagram and equipment layout. Finally,we did the material balance accounting ,and the energy balance accounting of the p