蘇州地区老年人听力现状调查.docVIP

苏州地区老年人听力现状调查 摘要：目的 从流行病学角度，了解目前老年人听力状况。方法 用随机抽样法对苏州地区部分60岁以上老年人进行问卷调查，测血压、血糖，行耳部检查及测听检查，所得资料用SPSS10.0统计软件进行处理。结果 1. 共调查1040人，男性473人，女性567人。2. 听力情况：正常听力433人（41.63%）；疾病性听力减退68人（6.54%）；老年性听力减退514人（49.42%）其中老年性聋发生率60~70岁组41.12%；71~80岁组46.25%；81岁以上60.34%。；噪音性听力减退25人（2.40%）。各年龄组听阈图显示随年龄增长而提高，且高频下降更明显。3. 全身老年性疾病如高血压、冠性病、糖尿病可增加老年性聋的发生率。 4.用多元回归对耳聋诸因素进行分析，与老年人听力有关的因素（除耳疾外）常见的是年龄、频率、性别、地区、高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、耳聋家族史、噪声史，其中频率及年龄关系最大，结果显示总方程有显著性，复相关系数R=0.601，F=425.324. P∠0.001。5. 声阻抗显示耳科正常老年人鼓室压图均无B型图，老年组中（60~70岁）A型图906耳（96.5%）；（71~80岁）722耳（93.6%）；（81岁以上），151耳（82.1%）。经检验x2= 106.783 p0.001 。各年龄组静态声顺值用方差分析并进行两两比较其结果显示组间F值为3.879，p0.01；且随年龄增长静态声顺均值降低。结论 老年人听力减退主要原因为老年性聋。某些老年性疾病如高血压、动脉硬化、糖尿病促使耳老化的发生，老年人咽鼓管功能下降、中耳劲度增强也是老年性听力下降的一个重要特征。 [关键词]：听力减退； 老年性聋； 流行病学调查； 电测听； 声导抗测听 Auditory condition of the seniors in Suzhou area : Epidemiological survey 【Abstracts】 Objective: To estimate the condition of hearing among the seniors in the region of Suzhou. Methods: The target population comprised 3 age groups (60~70, 71~80, and above 81 years) randomly selected in the region of Suzhou. Data were collected using questionnaire, physical examination and audiometric and blood pressure, glucose are measured. Use SPSS10.0 to do the statistical analysis. Results: 1. There were 1,040 participating seniors with 473 male and 567 female. 2. Among them, 433 (41.63%) had normal hearing；68 (6.54) suffered from pathological hearing loss；514(49.42%) suffered from auditory aging； 25 (2.4%) had hearing loss attributed to noise. Presbycusis rate in these groups were: 60~70 41.12%; 71~80 46.25%; above 81 60.34%. The audiometric threshold showed to increase with age, especially in high frequency part. 3. The presence of systemic diseases as hypertension, coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus is relevant to higher rate of presbycusis. 4. Multiple stepwise regression analysis was used to analyze factors causing hearing loss: the common elements ( excluding auditory disease) related to the hearing decrease of