三元结构视角下农地流转利益机制探析.docVIP

三元结构视角下的农地流转利益机制探析 张燕 熊玉双 盛璐 （华中农业大学 文法学院，湖北 武汉 430070） 摘要：本文以农地流转与农业农地、资本和劳动力三要素之间的关系为视角，分析了当前我国农地流转之困境，即农地产权主体缺位，城乡金融资源配置不平衡，农村劳动力结构失衡；剖析了农地流转困境之原因：农地产权制度不完善，农村资金投入不足，城乡收入二元分割。从农地产权制度、农村资金投入、农村劳动力结构角度，提出了完善农地、资本、劳动力三元结构协调机制的对策。 关键词：农地流转；三元结构；资金供给；人力支持 On The Interests Mechanism Of The circulation Of Agricultural Land Under The Perspective Of Ternary structure ZhangYan Xiong YuShuang Sheng Lu (School of Law and Literature, Huazhong Agriculture University, Hubei, Wuhan 430070) Abstract: The article takes the relationships between the circulation of rural land and the agricultural land , the rural capital and the rural labor as perspective,and analyses the plights of the circulation of rural land of our country in recently,which are the lack of main of the property right of rural land, imbalances of the financial allocation of resources in urban and rural areas and the imbalance of the structural of the rural labor force.And this article dissects the reasons why the plights mentioned above are that the imperfection of Agricultural land property rights system , the lack of capital investment in rural areas and the divided dual urban-rural income. The article attempts to research the system of the property rights of Agricultural land, the Capital investment in rural areas and The structure of the rural labor force, with the hope of giving some good suggestions on constructing the agricultural land transferring system. Key words:Transferring of agricultural land;Ternary structure;Capital supplying;Labor supporting 扩大国内需求，最大潜力在农村；实现经济平稳较快发展，基础支撑在农业；保障和改善民生，重点难点在农民。稳定农村土地承包关系，建立健全土地承包经营权流转市场，规范土地承包经营权流转，有利于促进农地的规模化经营。但是如何开展农地流转，如何在实现农业各要素结构优化的基础上实现农地顺利而有序地流转，是值得思考的问题。 一、农地流转之困境分析——农村农地、资本、劳动力三元结构异位 当前，随着国际金融危机的纵深发展，尽管强调三农问题是国家发展的重中之重，但由于三要素大幅度净流出、农地被大规模占用、资金在银行商业化改革中被大量从农村抽走、农村劳动力外流以及农村内部需求不足等问题的存在，都使得实现农地流转顺畅进行受阻。 农地产权主体缺位，流转保障机制不健全 在我国现实的农地制度中，农村集体农地的转让受到了国家的严格限制，集体同时扮演着农地所有者与经营管理者的双重角色，没有确立农户享有土地使用权、转让权、使用和转让收益权的市场主体地位，进而导致各利益主体行为不规范，利益分配也不合理，农地制度难以形成有效的激励