定语从句grammar资料.ppt

关系词的选用方法： 第一，看先行词；第二看关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分（做主语、宾语、定语或状语）  (5) 先行词是who或who引导的主句。 Who that broke the window will be punished. Who is the girl that drove the car? (6)当先行词是which引导的主句，关系代词用that. Which is the book that you bought last week? (7) 主句以There be 引导时 There are 200 people that didn’t know the thing. (8) 当先行词在定语从句中作be表语時，关系代词用that. She isn’t the girl that she was 10 years ago. (1) The scientist is very famous in the world.  We met her yesterday. * * * * * apple the red the green The apple which is red is mine. The apple which is green is yours. The Attributive Clause 定语从句 1.定义： 2.先行词： 3.关系词 ： （引导词） 定语从句是指在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句. 常翻译为：“......的人或物” 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词.先行词位于 定从前。 引导定语从句的词。关系词包括关系代词（which/that/who/whom/whose等） 和关系副词 when/where/why).关系词的作用：1.引导定语从句 2.指代先行词 3.在定语从句中充当一个成分。 关系代词: 1. who I like the singers who can write their songs. The man who I talked with is called Jack. 2.whom The girl (whom/who) I introduce is my sister. 指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略） 指人,作宾语 (常可省略） 3. which These are the trees which were planted last year. This pen which he is using is made in Japan. 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略） 4. that A plane is a machine that can fly. He is the man that I told you about. 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略） 5. whose This is the scientist whose name is known all over the world. . 指人/物，作定语,表示所属关系. (结构：whose+n. ) who that which 句子成分 先行词 关系代词 whose whom 指人/物 指物 指人 指人 指人/物 主语 宾语（可省) 宾语（可省) 定语 关系副词： 1.when 指时间，作时间状语。 Ill never forget the day when I met you. 2.where 指地点，作地点状语。 Id like to visit the place where the weather is always warm. 3. why 指原因，作原因状语。 (只用于修饰先行词 the reason.) The teacher didnt know the reason why she was late . ? 关系代词只能用that 的特殊情况： I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow. I’ve read all the books that are not mine. This is the first book (that) he has read. Shanghai is the most beautiful city (that