第26章电容和电介质.pptVIP

26.1 Definition of Capacitance 26.3 Combinations of Capacitors 26.4 Energy Stored in a Charged Capacitor 26.5 Capacitors with Dielectrics A dielectric is a nonconducting material such as rubber, glass, or waxed paper.We can perform the following experiment to illustrate the effect of a dielectric in a capacitor. Consider a parallel-plate capacitor that without a dielectric has a charge Q0 and a capacitance C 0. The potential difference across the capacitor is ?V0 = Q0/C 0. Types of Capacitors 26.6 Electric Dipole in an Electric Field the potential energy of the system of an electric dipole in anexternal electric field as a function of the dipole’s orientation 26.7 An Atomic Description of Dielectrics The potential difference is reduced because the magnitude of the electric field decreases between the plates. In particular, if E0 is the electric field without the dielectric, the field in the presence of a dielectric is First consider a dielectric made up of polar molecules placed in the electric field between the plates of a capacitor. The dipoles (that is, the polar molecules making up the dielectric) are randomly oriented in the absence of an electric field 26 Capacitance and Dielectrics 26.1 Definition of Capacitance 26.2 Calculating Capacitance 26.3 Combinations of Capacitors 26.4 Energy Stored in a Charged Capacitor 26.5 Capacitors with Dielectrics 26.6 Electric Dipole in an Electric Field 26.7 An Atomic Description of Dielectrics Figure 26.1 A capacitor consists of two conductors. When the capacitor is charged, the conductors carry charges of equal magnitude and opposite sign. The capacitance C of a capacitor is defined as the ratio of the magnitude of the charge on either conductor to the magnitude of the potential difference between the conductors: SI units of coulombs per volt.Named in honor of Michael Faraday, the SI unit of capacitance is the farad (F): 1 F= 1 C/V Figure 26.2 A parallel-plate capacitor consists of two parallel conducting plates, each o