unit3被动语态分解.pptVIP

请观察下列句子并找出它们的异同 1、我们每天都要清洁课室。 2、课室每天都必须要清洁。 3、他们去年建了一间学校。 4、这间学校是去年建的。 5、我将要写一封信。 6、这封信明天一定要写。 7、我们必须马上完成这项工作。 8、这项工作必须马上被完成。 主动语态与被动语态 定义：英语中有两种语态，一是主动语态(the active voice)，二是被动语态(the passive voice)。主动语态表示主语是人；被动语态表示主语大部分是物。在中文中我们用“被，受，给”表示被动意义。 观察下列句子请判断是主动语态还是被动语态 1. We clean the classroom every day. 2. The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 3. They built a school last year. 4. The school was built by them last year. 5. I will write a letter. 6. The letter will be written tomorrow. 7. We must finish the job at once. 8. The job must be finished by us at once. 不同点 1、主动语态表示主语是动作的发出者，是人；被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，大部分是物。 2、被动语态的谓语结构：be +done (+ed) 3、被动语态中，by +动作的发出者 “被”（代词要用宾格） 八种时态的被动语态结构 翻译下列句子 1、我们每天清洁课室。 We ___________ the classroom every day. 2、课室每天都被清洁。 The classroom __________ by us every day. 3、我每个星期写三封信。 I ___________ three letters every week. 4、每个星期有三封信要写。 Three letters __________ by me every week. 翻译下列句子 1、我昨天扫了地。 I __________ the floor yesterday. 2、昨天地被我扫了。 The floor ______________ by me yesterday. 3、他们去年在番禺建了十所学校。 They _______ ten school in Panyu last year. 4、去年在番禺建了十所学校。 Ten schools ___________ by them in Panyu. 翻译下列句子 1、明天我扫课室。 I __________ the classroom tomorrow. 2、明天课室将被我扫。 The classroom __________ by me tomorrow. 3、他们明年将要建十所学校。 They __________ ten school next year. 4、明年将要建十所学校。 Ten schools ___________ by them next year. 翻译并比较异同 1、我们应该种些花。 We _______________ some flowers. 2、在这里应该种些花。 Some flowers ________________ here. 3、他们必须派人去请医生。(send for) They ______________ for a doctor. 4、必须马上派人去请医生。 A doctor __________________ for at once. 《语法梳理》 【结论】 1 主动语态 2 被动语态 3 be动词 【巩固练习】 一、1-5 CBBDA 6-7 BC 二、1. is spoken by people 2. was built by them 3. will be held 三、1. was written by 2. is cleaned by us 　　3. will be planted Grammar 一、1-5 DACBA 二、1. will be made 2. is used 3. was opened by him 三、1. bring up 2. In the end 3. were held 4. will be spent 5. are sold 1.The river smells terrible. People must