毕业设计基于PLC和组态技术的锅炉水温串级控制系统设计.docVIP

摘 要 本设计论述了基于PLC和组态技术的锅炉内胆水温和夹套水温构成的串级控制系统的设计过程。下位机编程软件采用SIEMENS公司的STEP 7软件，选用西门子S7-400PLC控制锅炉温度的控制系统，介绍了西门子S7-400PLC和系统硬件及软件的具体设计过程。上位机组态画面软件采用SIMATIC WINCC，对其进行了简单介绍，并详细介绍了项目的创建、变量的新建、画面的组态。上位机进行程序编写实现控制，下位机组态画面，建立人机界面，进行远程控制。 锅炉水温具有非线性、时变性、大滞后和不对称性等特点采用传统的控制方法所得到的控制量的控制品质不高。锅炉内胆与夹套构成串级控制。由于串级控制具有有效改善过程的动态特性、提高工作频率、减小等效过程时间常数和加快响应速度等特点，所以在克服被控系统的时滞方面能够取得较好的效果。串级控制中的主副回路是控制夹套和内胆的温度，温度是一个多变且不易控制的量，而PID控制在这方面具有突出的优点，很适合采用PID控制技术。综合以上得到一个品质比较高的控制系统。 关键词 PLC；组态技术；串级控制；锅炉水温；PID控制 ABSTRACT This design is discussed based on PLC and configuration technology of water temperature and clip boiler water tank consists of cascade control system design process. Lower level computer programming software using the SIEMENS companys STEP 7 software, choose SIEMENS s7-400plc control boiler temperature control system, introduces SIEMENS s7-400plc and system hardware and software, and the specific design process. Upper unit used in the software configuration screen WINCC, the SIMATIC simply introduced, and introduces the creation, variable of project construction, picture configuration. PC for programming realize control, lower frame) unit, establish normal screen man-machine interface, carries on the remote control. Boiler water temperature with nonlinearness, time delay and asymmetry wait for a characteristic, USES the traditional control method can get control portion control quality is not high. Boiler of the bladder and clip constitutes a cascade control. Due to the cascade control has effectively improve the dynamic characteristics, improve process working frequency, reducing the time constant and accelerate equivalent process characteristic, the response speed of the controlled system in overcome delay to the good result is achieved. Cascade control the principal deputy loop is control of the temperature of the clamping and bladder, temperature is a variable and not easy to control, and the amount of PID control in this respect has outstanding advantages, very suitab