毕业设计基于霍尔传感器的电机转速测量系统软件设计.doc

摘要 在生产过程中，电机的应用十分广泛，随着生产的不断发展，对电机转速的测量就显得十分必要，同时对电机转速的测量提出了更高的要求。 本文设计了一种以51单片机作为主控制器，使用霍尔传感器进行测量的直流电机转速测量系统。本系统采用集成霍尔传感器敏感速率信号，具有频率响应快，抗干扰能力强等特点。 文章介绍了霍尔传感器的工作原理，阐述了霍尔传感器测速系统的工作过程，利用脉冲计数法实现了对转速的测量，通过LCD直观地显示电机的转速值。结合硬件电路设计，采用模块化方法进行了软件设计。编制了电机转速的测量设计了测量模块、转速模块、报警模块、显示模块等的C51程序，并通过PROTEUSE软件进行了仿真。仿真结果表明所设计的软件程序是正确的。关键词:霍尔传感器；单片机；电机转速测量 ；液晶显示。  Software Design of Motor Speed Measurement System Based on Hall SensorAbstract In the production process, the motors are widely used as production continues to develop, measuring the motor speed becomes necessary, while motor speed measurement put forward higher requirements.  This measurement system is a design of a microcomputer 51 as the primary controller, the Hall sensor as a sensor to measure the DC motor speed. The system uses an integrated Hall sensor sensitivity rate of the signal with a frequency of fast response, anti-interference ability and so on.  The working principle of the Hall sensor was introduced in this paper. The working process was described. It is used pulse-counting method to achieve the measurement of speed, and to display motor speed values through an intuitive LCD. Combination of hardware circuit design, softwares were designed by a modular approach using C51 program, such as the motor speed measurement module, alarm module, display module etc., All these programs were simulated through PROTEUSE. Simulation results show that the designed software programs are correct. Keywords: Hall sensor；microcontroller；Speed Measurement ；LCD. 目 录 1 绪 论 1 1.1 立题的目的和意义 1 1.2 应用与发展前景 1 1.3 设计任务与要求 2 1.3.1 设计任务 2 1.3.2 设计要求 2 1.4 小结 2 2 课题方案设计 3 2.1 系统总体设计要求 3 2.2 系统模块结构论证 3 2.2.1 霍尔测速模块论证与选择 3 2.2.2 计数器模块论证与选择 3 2.2.3 显示模块论证与选择 3 2.2.4 报警模块论证与选择 4 2.2.5 电源模块论证与选择 4 2.2.6 单片机模块论证与选择 4 2.3 转速测量方案论证 4 2.3.1 方案一电机轴一侧贴磁片 4 2.3.2 方案二电机转轴加测速转盘 5 2.3.3 方案对比 5 2.4 小结 5 3 系统总体设计 6 3.1 总体硬件设计 6 3.1.1 硬件原理图 6 3.1.2 硬件电路设计总图 6 3.2 系统子模块简介 7 3.2.1 传感器部分 8 3.2.2 计数器 8 3.2.3 处理器 8 3.2.4 LCD显示部分 8 3.2.5 外接报警部分 8