2Appliedanthropometry人因工程要点.ppt

Chapter 2  Engineering Anthropometry Anthro-what? This is the branch of ergonomics that deals with body shape and size. People come in all shapes and sizes so you need to take these physical characteristics into account whenever you design anything that someone will use, from something as simple as a pencil to something as complex as a car. Outline Human Body Structure Definition of Engineering Anthropometry Basic terms in Engineering Anthropometry Anthropometry Data How to Use Anthropometry Data in Design 2.1 Human body structure 2.2 Definition of Engineering Anthropometry Today, anthropometry plays an important role in industrial design, clothing design, ergonomics, and architecture, where statistical data about the distribution of body dimensions in the population are used to optimize products. Changes in life styles, nutrition and ethnic composition of populations lead to changes in the distribution of body dimensions, and require regular updating of anthropometric data collections. 2.3 Basic Terms 1 被测者姿势 立姿：被测者挺胸直立，头部以眼耳平面定位，眼睛平视前方，肩膀放松，上肢自然下垂，手伸直，手掌朝向体侧，手指轻贴大腿侧面，自然伸直膝部，左、右足后跟并拢，前端分开，使两足大致呈45度夹角，体重均匀分布于两足。 坐姿：被测者挺胸坐在被调节到腓骨头高度的平面上，头部以眼耳平面定位，眼睛平视前方，左、右大腿大致平行，膝弯曲大致呈直角，足平放在地面上，手轻放在大腿上。 2.4 Anthropometry Data 2.4.1 Static Dimensions 1 我国成年人人体结构尺寸 Which factors influence the static dimensions? Age Sex Different ethnic(种族) Generation … In connection with age, for example, stature(身高) and related dimensions (lengths and heights) generally increase until the late teens or early twentiesm, remain relatively constant throughout early adulthood, and decline from early-to-middle adulthood into old age. It is true that people have generally been getting taller in succeeding generations. This appears to be due to diet and living conditions. From about 1880 to 1960 in virtually all European countries, the U.S, Canada, and Australia the average adult stature increased about 1cm per decade. 2.4.2 Functional Dimensions 2.4.3 Analyzing the Anthropometry Data Mean (平均值)