基于层次分析法的公路边坡稳定评价研究.docVIP

摘 要 没经过处理的不稳定天然斜坡或设计坡角不够合理的人工边坡，在岩、土体重力，水压力，振动力以及其他外力作用下，常发生滑动或崩塌破坏严重的甚至会引起交通中断，建筑物倒塌给人民生命财产带来巨大损失。近年来，我国的公路建设步伐不断加快，公路等级不断提高，而由于工程建设的需要，往往在一定程度上破坏原来较为稳定的土体而形成新的人工边坡，因而普遍存在着边坡稳定的问题，并且成为沿途工程中一个常见的技术难题。公路边坡安全稳定问题制约和阻碍了我国高等级公路的进一步发展。高等级公路在我国的建设历史已有二十余年，但边坡安全稳定性问题一直没有得到很好的解决。特别是在山区的高等级公路，其边坡稳定问题尤为突出。一旦雨季到来，公路的边坡塌方等便成为了一种普遍现象，几乎到了没有一条高等级公路不出现边坡破坏问题的地步。 本文引入不确定型判断矩阵和与它相对应的权重求解方法,使评估中的模糊性和不确定性得到充分考虑。另外，本文将群判断理论引入到综合评估当中。考虑到不同专家的评判水平有所差异，文章还应用了专家可信度来加以考虑。并引入重心决策理论和集值统计原理，使区间数判断矩阵和区间数评价值在综合评估中的应用问题得以解决。 最后，文章结合某露天边坡为实例进行评估，利用层次分析法，并借助各因素的敏感性分析，对土体内部参数、外部几何尺寸、和外部荷载等主要影响边坡稳定性的要素进行分析评价得出各要素对边坡稳定性的影响力大小，为边坡稳定性研究提供了一定研究基础。 论文提出了基于层次分析法的边坡稳定性评价模型，取得了一些成果，但不够完善，有关边坡稳定性评价的研究仍有待深入。 关键词：安全系数；层次分析法；边坡稳定性；评价模型  Highway slope stability assessment based on analytic hierarchy process (ahp) Student’s name: weilice Advisor:panxiaodong （School of Civil Engineering Zhejiang University of Science and Technology） Abstract Without treatment of unstable slope or the design of slope angle is not reasonable artificial slope in rock, soil, gravity, water pressure, vibration and other external force, often sliding or collapse is serious even can cause traffic disruption ,the collapse of buildings to peoples life and property loss. In recent years ,Chinas highway construction pace accelerating, road grade continuously improve, but due to the need of engineering construction, often at a certain extent, disrupted the soil was relatively stable and the formation of a new artificial slope ,so the slope stability problem exists, and becomes a common technical problem in geotechnical engineering. The security and stability problem of highway slope is restricted and hindered the further development of high grade highway in china. High grade highway construction in China has a history of over twenty years, but the slope stability problem has not been solved very well. Especially in the mountainous are a highway, the slope stability problem is particularly prominent. Once