riminalJustice课程.pptVIP

Introduction to Criminal Justice 2002Unit 2 The Criminal Justice System and the Law Slides Prepared by: Larry Bassi SUNY College at Brockport Revised by: Hal Nees Metropolitan State College of Denver Characteristics of theCriminal Justice System The Criminal Justice System: Size and Expense 55,000 different public agencies $100 billion annual budget Over 2 million employees 17,000 police agencies 17,000 courts The Criminal Justice System: Size and Expense 8,000 prosecutorial agencies 6,000 correctional institutions 3,500 probation and parole departments 15 million arrests per year Correctional population of more than 6 million Role of the Police Maintain order Enforce criminal traffic law Provide emergency service Create a sense of community safety Exchange relationships between prosecutors and others Role of the Courts To seek truth obtain justice To adjudicate sentence Consists of: lower courts superior courts appellate courts Prosecution and Defense Opponents in an adversarial system Prosecutor represents the people Defense represents the accused The Prosecutor The Defense Attorney Role of Corrections Community supervision Probation Confinement Parole What Variables Seem to Lead to Victimization? The Common Law Tradition: Historical Roots Stare Decisis The practice of deciding new cases with reference to former decisions (also referred to as case law. Sources of Criminal Law Substantive and Procedural Criminal Law SubstantiveLaw defining acts that are subject topunishment, and specifying the punishments for such offenses. ProceduralLaw defining the procedures that criminal justice officials must follow in enforcement, adjudication and correction. General Legal Definition of “Crime” A Crime is: a legal wrong prohibited by the criminal law prosecuted by the state in a formal court proceeding in which a criminal sanction or sentence may be imposed. Felonies and Misdemeanors Three Basic Elements of Any Crime Principles of Criminal Law Mens Re