动名词用法方案.ppt

彭晓薇 胡琦 张炜平 林颖 余婷 余珍珠 王芳 Step 1：课前预习 说出下列谚语的中文意思及划线部分的用法： A bad beginning makes a bad ending. 2）Seeing is believing. 3）A man becomes learned by asking questions. 动名词的概念和句法功能 （一）概念 动名词是由动词转化而来的名词，所以它可在句中作主语，宾语，表语及定语，它表示的动作比较抽象，或者是习惯性的。 二）句法功能 1. 主语（subject）:谓语动词用单数 * Swimming is good for your health. * It’s no use/good arguing with him.(用it作形式主语) 2.表语（predicative） * Her job is washing, cleaning and taking care of the children. * My job is teaching English. 3. 宾语（object） * 动词后宾语 He enjoys playing the piano. * 介词后宾语 He is fond of watching football games. 下列动词只能+v-ing作宾语,不用to do avoid,enjoy,mind,consider(考虑),delay,escape practise,suggest,miss,risk等。 (避免错过，喜欢冒险，考虑建议，推迟练习，介意逃避) *动词短语+ving： look forward to/devote…to(致力于)/be used to(习惯于做..)/ object to (反对)/ pay attention to/get down to(从事干…)/feel like/instead of/spend time (in)/have some difficulty/trouble (in)/be tired of(对做…感到厌倦)/ /can’t stand/ /insist 4.定语：动名词作定语表示名词的目的或用途，常可改为for介词短语： 1) The water here can’t be used as drinking water. 2) Boys like swimming in the swimming pool in summer. 5. 动名词的逻辑主语（Possessive pronouns）及复合结构（compound noun） * Her swimming has improved since she started training every day. * Mary’s laughing made Tom angry 带有逻辑主语的动名词称为动名词的复合结构。当动名词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，要在动名词之前加上物主代词或名词所有格，这便构成了动名词的复合结构。其中物主代词（名词所有格）是逻辑上的主语，动名词是逻辑上的谓语。 * Her coming to help encouraged all of us. Jane’s being careless caused so much trouble. * What’s troubling them is their not having enough food. 在口语中，如果动名词复合结构作宾语，其中的物主代词常用人称代词宾格，名词所有格常用名词普通格来代替，但在句首作主语时不能这样来代替。 * Would you mind my/me using your computer? * His (不可用Him)smoking made his family angry. 【小试身手】（一）: 完成下列练习. 1. It’s no use _______ (cry) over spilt milk. 2. His hobby is______(paint). 3. Do you mind__________(my, smoke) here? 4.Limited natural resources should be made full use of_____(meet) the_________(increase) need of energy. 5. After ________(interview) for the job, you will be required to take a language test. 6. She admitted__________(take) the key