Ch4ManaginginaGlobalEnvironment.pptVIP

Ch4 Managing in a Global Environment 4.1 Global Perspective Ethnocentric attitude 民族中心论 parochialistic belief that the best work approaches and practices are those of the home country lack trust in foreign employees with key decisions or technology Polycentric Attitude 多国中心论 host-country managers know the best work approaches and practices let foreign employees determine work practices Geocentric Attitude 全球中心论 focuses on using the best approaches and people from around the globe look for the best approaches and people regardless of the country of origin4.2 Regional Trading Alliances The European Union - created by Maastrict Treaty in 1992 a unified economic and trade entity a single market without barriers to travel, employment, investment, and trade Economic and Monetary Union EMU Euro - common currency assertion of economic power against U.S. and Japan created one of the world’s richest markets North American Free Trade Agreement NAFTA北美自由贸易协定 links economies of U.S., Mexico, and Canada since 1994, eliminated barriers to free trade such as tariffs, import licensing requirements, customs user fees Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN东盟 alliance of 10 Southeast Asian nations created in one of the fastest growing economic regions in the world could rival NAFTA and EU 4.3 Different types of global organizations Multinational corporation（MNC broad term to refer to any and all types of international companies that maintain operations in multiple countries. Multidomestic corporation decentralized management to the local country nationals hired to run operations in each country marketing strategies tailored for each country exemplifies the polycentric attitude Global company Treat the world market as an integrated whole and focus on the need for global efficiency. are managed from a base in the home country reflects the ethnocentric attitude Transnational corporationborderless organization eliminates structural divisions that impose artificial