chapter3ommission.pptVIP

Omission 14 ,October,2010 由于英汉两种语言在语法结构、表达方式以及修辞手段上的不同，有些词语或句子成分在英语中是必不可少的，但若搬到译文中去，就会影响译文的简洁和通顺。因此在英译汉的过程中，为了使译文更加简练，更符合汉语的表达习惯，需要省略一些可有可无或翻译后反显累赘的词语。但必须注意，减译不是删掉原文中的某些内容，在不应减译的情况下，不要随便减。 The Technique of Omission Omission of Functional Words Omission of Content Words Omission of Logic Devices The Technique of Omission Omission of Articles/Preps/Connectives Omission of Pronouns/Verbs Omission of Logic Devices 当起功能作用的冠词、介词和连词在句中主要起语法作用，表示类别、众所周知的概念时，可以省译。例如： The volume of a gas increases more quickly than that of a liquid. 气体体积增加的速度比液体体积增加的速度快。 The supply of oil can be shut off unexpectedly at any time, and in any case, the oil wells will all run dry in thirty years or so at the present rate of use. 石油供应可能随时被切断；不管怎样，以目前的这种消费速度，只需30年左右所有的油井都 会枯竭。 但是，当定冠词特指某种具体事物，相当于 this 或that 时，或不定冠词具有明显的数字 概念时，都要译出。例如： The term “work” is to be discussed in detail in the next chapter. “功”这一概念（概念）拟在下一章详细论述。 In order to satisfy the body’s endless demands, cells build proteins at a rate of 5 to 10 amino acids a minute. 为满足机体不断的需要，细胞以每分钟五到十 个氨基酸的速度制造蛋白质。 一般来说，用来表示名词、代词等所属关系的 介词可以省译，因为这样的关系在很多情况 下一目了然。例如： The distinction between light and pigment is important to color theory. 区别光和色对于色彩理论来说很重要。 Although fluent in English, he uses-and sometimes nitpicks with – translators, a ploy that gives him time to ponder his answers. 他英语很流利，可是他还要用翻译——甚至有时还挑翻译的毛病——这样就有时间考虑如何答复 对方的问题了。 Yet so elusive is their (the flowers’) beauty that it is a rare artist indeed who can capture it with accuracy and realism. 这种花具有一种飘逸之美，一个真正能不差分毫而再现这种美的艺术家真可太难找了! When Rontgen put his hand before X-ray, he saw the bones of his hands only. 伦琴把手放在X射线前面时，只见到手上的骨头。 The third law of motion tells us that the two forces which constitute such a pair are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. 运动第三定律告诉我们，像这样成对的两个力大小相等，方向相反。 If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 冬天来了，春天还会远吗？ If the chain reaction went on without being checked, it could cause a