HNMR1__氢谱核磁共振.pptVIP

HNMR * 乙基苯 HNMR * 甲醛 HNMR * 甲酸 HNMR * 乙酸、丙酸、正丁酸 HNMR * O-H and N-H Signals Chemical shift depends on concentration. Hydrogen bonding in concentrated solutions deshield the protons, so signal is around ?3.5 for N-H and ?4.5 for O-H. Proton exchanges between the molecules broaden the peak.  HNMR * Identifying the O-H or N-H Peak Chemical shift will depend on concentration and solvent. To verify that a particular peak is due to O-H or N-H, shake the sample with D2O Deuterium will exchange with the O-H or N-H protons. On a second NMR spectrum the peak will be absent, or much less intense. HNMR * Hydroxyl Proton Ultrapure samples of ethanol show splitting. Ethanol with a small amount of acidic or basic impurities will not show splitting. = HNMR * N-H Proton Moderate rate of exchange. Peak may be broad. = HNMR * Carboxylic Acid Proton, ?10+ = HNMR * N M R ??S o l v e n t ??S h i f t s?? i n ??P P M ?Solvent 1H 13C 1H (HDO) ?MP, oC BP, oC Acetic acid-d4 2.04, 11.65 20.0, 179.0 ?... 17 118 Acetone-d6 2.05 29.9, 206.7 2.8 -94 57 Acetonitrile-d3 1.94 1.39, 118.7 2.1 -45 82? Benzene-d6 7.16 128.0 0.4 5 80 Chloroform-d 7.26 77.0 1.5 -64 62 Deuterium Oxide 4.75 None DSS = -1.85 ?... 3.8 101 Dimethylformamide-d7 8.03, 2.92, 2.75 29.8, 34.9, 162.3 3.5 -61 153 DMSO-d6 ?2.50 ?39.5 3.3 18 189 Dioxane-d8 ?3.53(broad) ?39.5 2.4 12 101 Methanol-d4 3.31, 4.87 ?49.1 4.8 -98 65 Methylene Chloride-d2 5.32 ?53.8 1.5 -95 40 Pyridine-d5 7.22, 7.58, 8.74 123.9, 135.9, 150.4 5.0 -42 116 THF-d8 1.73, 3.58 25.4, 67.6 2.5 -109 66 Trifluoroacetic acid-d 11.5 116.6, 164.2 ?... -15 ?72 HNMR * Number of Signals Equivalent hydrogens have the same chemical shift. = HNMR * Intensity of Signals The area under each peak is proportional to the number of protons. Shown by integral trace. = HNMR * How Many Hydrogens? When the molecular formula is known, each integral rise can be assigned to a particular number of hydrogens. = HNMR * Time Dependence Molecules are tumbling relative to the magnetic field, s