矿热炉理想熔炼模型的初探.doc

矿热炉理想熔炼模型的初探 从铁合金矿热炉内的等效电路及其热分布出发,提出冶炼过程中炉内反应区和炉料区之间存在着一个最佳的配热关系,由此而建立起铁合金矿热炉简单的熔炼模型。这个熔炼模型是由底面为金属液面(或导电炉底)的半球形反应区和长为电极间距、炉料有效截面积为S′的炉料区构成的。文章简要地论述了此熔炼模型的合理性,并由此导出了极心圆直径、二次电流、炉膛有效深度、电极直径、操作电阻等模型参数的数学表达式。通过对该模型参数表达式的简化,从而得出威斯特里经验计算法中电炉参数系数与炉料物理化学性能的关系式;通过对模型参数表达式的进一步推导,即可比较具体、准确地反应出工艺相似法中相似数的物理意义。文中还介绍了该熔炼模型在实际生产中的指导作用。 Linbsp; Jingchun (Jilin Ferroalloynbsp; group Co.Ltd.,Jilin,Chinanbsp;nbsp; 132002) Absrtact Starting from the equivalent circuit heat distribution in submergedarc furnace,it is put forward that an optimum heat distribution relationship exists between the reaction area and furnace charge area,in view of this,a simple smelting model of submergedarc furnace is set up.The model is constituted by the hemisphere reaction area whose bottom is molten metal surface furnace charge area whose length is electrode spacing and effective charge sectional area is S′.The model′s rationality is briefly discussed,from this the mathematical formula for model ′s parameters are derived such as pitch circle diameter,secondary current,effective depth of hearth,electrode diameter operation tesistance etc.The relationship formula of parameter coefficient in Westly experimental calculation and charge physicalchemical properties from simplifying model′s parameter formula are also derived;by further deiving parameter formala,physical significance of analogue number in analogue method can be reflected more specifically and exactly.The directive function of the smelting model in the production is also introduced. Keywods reaction moldel,ore smelting electricarc furnace,parameter 1 前 言 随着铁合金冶炼技术的不断提高,铁合金电炉向着大型化、封闭化和计算机控制的方向发展。如何更准确地计算出适合生产实际的电炉参数尤为重要。以在安德烈的周边电阻——K因子法、威斯特里的威氏计算法、米库林斯基和斯特隆斯基的三大计算方法为主的多种算法中,威氏计算法应用较为广泛,计算结果比较接近实际。然而在计算过程中如何确定参数系数,则是影响计算结果准确性的关键〔1〕。本文从矿热炉内等效电路及热分布(即功率分布)的分析出发,提出对于同一产品的同一冶炼工艺,在原料条件(即物化性能及粒度组成)相同时反应区及炉料区的功率密度存在一个最佳值,从而推导出电炉主要参数的数学表达式,明确了工艺相似法中相似数及威氏计算法中操作电阻系数、电流系数等的物理意义和数学式。为今后在生产及矿热炉设计过程中研究电炉参数与炉料性质之间的关系提供依据。 2 矿热熔炼炉内的配热分析 矿热炉内电极与炉底及电极之间的等效电路图如图1所