《智能交通系统IC卡的设计》.doc

哈尔滨石油学院本科生毕业设计（论文） PAGE 35 摘 要 随着经济的发展，城市化、汽车化的加快，要求采用现代化的管理方法来实现交通管理，这样就引起了对智能交通系统（ITS）的研究。ITS 将先进的电子技术、信息技术(IT)、人工智能(AI)、地理信息(GIS)、计算机技术、通信、传感器技术和系统工程技术集成运用于地面运输的实际需求，建立起全方位、实时、准确、高效的地面运输系统。ITS能够改善混乱的交通状况，减少拥堵，提高运输效率，并提高交通的安全性。在整个ITS系统中，车辆流量检测系统有着很重要的地位。其中，视频检测方法比检测线圈、电视监控、微波检测方法更优越更灵活，并且结合了数字图像处理技术，得到越来越广泛的重视和运用。 本论文详细讨论了数字图像处理技术在智能交通中的研究与应用，包括对车 辆的检测、车辆流量统计子系统、红绿灯的优化控制子系统，其中车辆的检测是ITS的核心部分，是ITS的基础。同时也具体介绍了系统得硬件和软件组成，并且对系统以后的改进也作了一些讨论。 关键词：智能交通系统，智能交通IC卡收费系统的研究背景及发展方向,短程无线通信技术的组成及其特点,差错控制系统和软件系统组成及工作流程。 Abstract Modern management methods are needed to administer traffic on account of the economical development and the speedup of urbanization and motorization, which begets the research on Intelligent Transportation System--ITS. With advanced teletronical technology, information technology, artificial intelligence, geographic information system, computer processing, communication, sensor technology and system project technology, ITS establishs transportation system on all orientation, real-time acoup sur and efficaciously, which develop disorder traffic, reduce traffic jam,impove transportation efficacious and safety. Real-time traffic flow plays an very important role in ITS.Currently, magnetic loop detectors are often used to count vehicles passing over them.vision-based video monitoring systems offer larger set of traffic parameters such as vehicle flow, lane changes, etc., can be measured.cameras are much less disruptive to install than loop detectors..Associative digital image processing technology,vision-based video monitioring systems are attached importance and applied. In this paper, an digital image technology used for ITS is discussed in details,including vehicle measeurement, vehicle flow statistic subsystem, lamp control subsystem and taking image subsystem violating the regulations. Thereinto, vehicle measurement