《机械手-50#刀柄拉刀机构设计-说明书》.doc

摘 要 50＃刀柄拉刀机构为大型机床主轴内部刀具自动夹紧机构。油缸接到松刀信号时，将压力油通入主轴尾部的油缸右腔，活塞推动拉杆向左移动，同时使碟形弹簧压紧。拉杆的左移使左端的钢球的分布直径变大，解除了刀杆上的拉力，机械手便取出刀杆。当刀具由机械手或用其他方法装到主轴孔后，其刀柄后部的拉钉便被送到主轴内拉杆的前端，当接到夹紧信号时，将压力油通入主轴尾部的油缸左腔，活塞向右移动，拉杆在碟形弹簧的作用下也向右移动，其前端圆周上的钢球在主轴锥孔的逼迫下收缩分布直径，将刀柄拉钉紧紧拉住。松刀和拉刀信号是当活塞处于左右两个极限位置时由PLC控制的相应的行程开关发出的。另外，拉杆是空心的，为的是每次换刀时要用压缩空气清洁主轴孔和刀具锥柄，以保证刀具的准确安装。 关键词：50＃，刀柄，拉刀,机构。 ABSTRACT This project is design the 50# knife hilts broach mechanism.It is cutting tool automatically clamp mechanism of spindle’s inside for large-scale machining .When the oil cylinder receives the loose knife signal, the pressure oil is passed over the oil cylinder right cavity of the spindle rear part, the piston impels the tension bar to the left migration, Simultaneously causes the small dish shape spring to contract. The tension bar shifts to the left causes steel ball where is at left side distributed diameter changes in a big way, relieved on the cutter bar pulling force, the manipulator then takes out the cutter bar. When cutting tool roaled of spindle’s hole by manipulator or other ways,the pull nail behind of knife hilts is sent to ahead of tension bar of spindle. When receives the clamps signal, the pressure oil is passed over the oil cylinder left cavity of the spindle rear part, the piston to the right migration ,tension bar also to right migration by small dish shape spring function, the stell ball of ahead circumference of the tension bar shrink the distribution diameter by spindle’s cone hole’s force, holds on the knife hilts and pull nail colsely. when the piston is in two limiting positions，The corresponding Limit switch which sends out the loose knife and broach signal is Controled by PLC. Moreover, the tension bar is hollow for clean the spindle’s hole and cutting tool’s cone hole by compressed air when exchang knife ,to pledge cutting tool’s installed exactly. Keywords:50#; knife hilts; broach;mechanism.目 录 中文摘要 Ⅰ 英文摘要 Ⅱ 前言 1 第1章 总体结构分析 2 1.1 拉刀机构设计目的 2 1.2 机构原理分析 2 第2章 机械零件的设