《核工程与核技术毕业设计(论文)_银活化探测系统初探》.docVIP

东华理工大学毕业设计（论文） 摘要 ` 毕业设计（论文） 题 目 银活化探测系统初探 英文题 the preliminary explore of sliver activation probing system 学生姓名 专 业 核工程与核技术 班 级 指导教师 二零一一年六月 摘 要 中子同其他中性辐射一样，本身不带电，所以中子通过物质时和物质中的电子是不发生作用的，因此中子在物质中不能直接引起电离，所以中子的探测比带电粒子和γ射线的探测要困难的多。中子活化探测技术为中子的探测带来了革命，成为探测中子的主要手段。银活化探测系统是依据部分稳定核素经中子辐照后具有放射性，通过测量积累的放射性活度可以求出中子注量（率）达到探测中子的目的。能够用作活化材料的元素很多，较常用的有铟、银、铜、铝、铅及金等。银具有半衰期比较合适，对慢中子的活化截面很大，生成的放射性的粒子能量适中便于测量以及银片本身较软，很容易加工成薄片等特点，使银成为最常用的一种激活片。本论文的主要工作就是通过对大量文献资料的调研及总结来研究银活化探测系统的国内外发展现状。为进一步理解和掌握银活化探测系统，本论文详细介绍了银活化探测系统工作原理、探测步骤及特点；并以中子活化探测技术的发展历史为主线，介绍银活化探测系统在各领域的发展趋势及应用前景。并通过对比得出银活化探测中子注量的许多优点。充分显示它在中子注量(率)和中子产额的测量中的广阔应用前景。 关键词：银活化；铜活化；铅活化；中子注量测量； ABSTRACT neutrons itself is not charged ,similar to other neutral radiation, so the neutron and the electronic in the substance are not work when it get through substance . And neutrons in matter can not directly to the left, so the exploring of neutron will be more difficult than the exploring of charged particle and the gamma rays .The detection technology of the neutron activation brings the revolution for the exploration of the neutron, becoming the main means to detect the neutron. The silver activation detection system is based on the part of the stable neutron element possesses radiation after being radiated by neutron , then we can get the amount of neutron by measuring accumulated radioactive rate ,then we can realize the purpose of detecting the neutron .There are many elements that can be used for the activation material, what are commonly used are Indium, silver, copper, aluminium, lead and gold, etc. The silver has some characteristics ,for example, it has a adequate ageing period ,and possesses a bigger activation section to slow neutron, and generates fit radioactive particles energy ,facilitating the measurement and silver itself is a soft and easy to be processed