2016高中数学第一轮总复习第讲空间几何体的三视图与直观图表面积和体积课件理科新人教.pptVIP

(方法二)延长BB1、CC1到B3、C3，使得BB1=CC3=AA1. 则V=V柱A1B1C1-AB3C3-V锥A-BB3C3C = ×2×2×4- × (1+2)×2×2 =6. 在△ABC中,AB==， BC==， AC==2. 则S△ABC= ×2 ×=.处理不规则几何体的体积时，或将其分割柱、锥、台或将补体为柱、锥、台，然后计算其体积. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 题型三 简单组合体问题 例3有一个圆锥的侧面展开图是一个半径为5，圆心角为 π的扇形，在这个圆锥中内接一个高为x的圆柱.(1)求圆锥的体积；(2)当x为何值时,圆柱的侧面积最大? Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.由圆锥的侧面展开图，圆心角与半径的关系可求圆锥的母线长，底面半径和高.内接圆柱的侧面积是高x的函数，再用代数方法求最值.(1)因为圆锥侧面展开图的半径为5,所以圆锥的母线长为5.设圆锥的底面半径为r，则2πr=5× ,所以r=3,则圆锥的高为4,故体积V=πr2×4=12π. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. (2)右图为轴截面图，这个图为等腰三角形中内接一个矩形. 设圆柱的底面半径为y, 则= ，得y=3- x. 圆柱的侧面积 S(x)=2π(3- x)x = π(4x-x2)= π［4-(x-2)2］(0＜x＜4). 当x=2时，S(x)有最大值6π. 所以当圆柱的高为2时，有最大侧面积6π.旋转体的接、切问题常考虑其相应轴截面内的接、切情况，实际是把空间图形平面化. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.一球与边长为2的正方体的各棱相切,则球的表面积是,体积是.正方体相对棱之间的距离为球的直径2R. 则有2R=2,所以R=, 所以S球=4πR2=8π,V球= πR3=π. 8π π Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.如图，三棱柱ABC-A1B1C1中，底面是边长为a的正三角形，侧棱长也为a,且∠A1AB=∠A1AC=60°.(1)证明:三棱锥A1-ABC是正三棱锥；(2)证明:三棱柱的侧面BCC1B1是矩形；(3)求棱柱的侧面积. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.有关几何图形的证明，应紧扣其定义和已知进行探索.(1)证明:因为∠A1AC=∠A1AB=60°, 又因为A1A=AC=AB=a,所以A1B=A1C=a, 故A1-ABC是棱长为a的正四面体， 所以A1-ABC是正三棱锥. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. * 新课标高中一轮总复习 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 第九单元 直线、平面、简单几何体和空间向量 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Asp