高考英语短改错解题技巧.docVIP

高考英语短文改错解题技巧短文改错对考生的要求较高，是对语言知识综合运用能力的考查，考生在该项上往往失分较多，那么如何做好改错题，结合自己数年的教学经验，笔者认为要想在短文改错上取得理想的成绩，除了平时打好基础外，在应考时还要做到以下几点：一、先通读全文。认真阅读短文，在做题之前确保已经弄清原文大意。根据短文大意和上下文逻辑关系，对文章进行逐字逐句的分析，检查句子的结构是否完整，语气是否连贯，启承转合是否符合文意等。????二．综合运用所学语言知识，根据各行不同的错误情况分别进行答题（即改词、加词或减词）。在短文改错中常出现的错误主要有以下几类：?????????????1.?名词：单复数用错，可数与不可数名词的混用。大多数短文改错都会有此类的错误。如：???????Happy?birthday,?Peter,?and?many?happy?return?of?the?day!?(2000?北京春考)，此句中return虽然可以作可数名词也可做不可数名词，但此处显然为可数名词，故应用其复数，returns。?????（1）On?the?way?up?I?was?busy?taking?picture?since?the?scenery?was?so?beautiful.?81（NMET?2002）句中picture应为pictures?????（2）Their?word?were?a?great?encouragement?to?me.?85（NMET?2003）句中word应为words?????（3）?…but?after?class?we?become?stranger?at…83?(NMET?2004)?句中stranger应为strangers?????2.?动词：时态和语态，常出现在总体时态为过去或现在时，中间杂有不适的另一时态的现象；或是及物动词后无宾语，或是不及物动词后加了宾语；需要接ing形式的接了to，或相反等。如：?????（1）Around?the?world?young?people?are?spending?a?lot?of?money?in?listening?pop?music.?本句中listen是不及物动词，不能直接接宾语，应在其后加to。?????（2）She?liked?it?very?much?and?reads?it?to?the?class.?All?said?the?story?was?a?good?one.84（NMET?2003）句中reads应为过去式read?????（3）As?we?climbed?the?mountain,?we?fed?monkeys,?visiting?temples?and?told?stories.80（NMET?2002）此句visiting?应为visited ?????（4）One?day?I?wrote?a?little?story?and?showed?to?my?teacher.?83?（NMET?2003）此句中showed是及物动词，其后要加it作其宾语。?????（5）Soon?I?began?to?enjoy?talk?to?myself?on?paper?as?I?was?learning?to?express?me?in?simple?English.?81?(NMET?2003)?句中talk应为talking,?因为enjoy后接doing.?????3.?形容词副词：常出现需形容词的地方用了副词或相反；关系副词where,?when,?why等的缺失或错用，如：?????（1）?I?would?describe?myself?as?shy?and?quietly.?77（NMET?2004）句中副词quietly?应改为形容词quiet?????（2）?It?was?about?noon?ˇwe?arrived?at?the?foot?of?the?mountain.?78?（NMET?2002）此句we的前面缺了关系副词when,?when在此处引导一个时间状语从句。?????（3）?I?live?in?Beijing,?where?is?the?capital?of?China.?89?(NMET?1997)?此句中，where应改为which,因为关系副词不能在句中定语从句中做主语。?????4.?介词：主要是介词的多余或缺失，错用。这一部分需要平时多多积累，弄清常用介词的搭配。?????（1）We?must?keep?in?mind?that?we?play?for?the?team?instead?ˇourselves.92?(NMET?1998)